THE SEEDS OF VICTORY INSURE THE FRUITS OF PEACE 17 
good substitute is the whisk broom, for 
spattering the spray on plants. After using, 
wash out pump and hose as some sprays will 
corrode metal and others will rot hose. The 
ordinary sprinkling pot may be used to apply 
mixtures, but this is wasteful. 
Buy Spraying Materials Early 
Early purchase of spraying materials is 
important. The supply will be limited and 
the demand large. Make a list of the ma- 
terials you will need, with amounts, and 
place your order immediately. If you have 
equipment from last season place your order 
early for repair parts for pump, hose or 
nozzle, especially extra couplings and hose 
splicers for burst hose. If you delay until 
the spraying season arrives you are likely to 
fail to procure your supply. By 
joining with friends or neighbors 
and buying in quantities you can 
procure materials at lower prices 
than if buying alone. 
For home mixing the poisons 
and chemicals required for sprays 
and other remedies and prevent- 
ives can be bought at a drug or 
seed store. The mixtures ready 
prepared can be bought at a seed 
store. 
Diseases 
The ordinary blights are usually 
overcome by spraying with Bor- 
deaux mixture, made as indicated 
in the next paragraph. There 
are some diseases, however, which 
cannot be overcome, 
trouble appears that does not 
yield to treatment the affected 
plants should be taken up and burned to 
prevent the spread of the infection to others. 
Bordeaux Mixture 
Copper Sulphate, Blue Stone or Blue 
Vitriol 3 ounces 
Lump Lime or Hydrated Lime 3 ounces 
Water 23^ gallons 
To make Bordeaux mixture procure the 
ingredients at a drug or seed store. If lump 
lime is used it must be fresh. Instead of 
lump lime some authorities prefer fresh hy- 
drated lime as being just as good and at the 
same time much simpler to use, needing 
only to be stirred into the water. Hydrated 
lime is lime to which enough water to dry- 
slake it has been added by the manufac- 
turer. It is a powder and does not require 
slaking. 
For making or holding Bordeaux mixture 
use containers of wood, glass or earthenware. 
In one container dissolve the copper sul- 
phate in about one-half gallon of hot water 
and then dilute with enough cold water to 
make a total of \y£ gallons; or wrap the 
copper sulphate in a small piece of cheese- 
cloth, fill a quart jar with cold water and sus- 
pend the copper sulphate into the top of the 
water; in a couple of hours it will be dis- 
solved. In another vessel slake the lime 
and dilute it with enough water to make 1% 
gallons. If hydrated lime is used simply 
mix it with water. Then pour these two 
solutions together, pouring the solution of 
copper sulphate slowly into the mixture of 
lime and water, stirring vigorously while this 
process is under way. The stirring insures 
proper mixing of the two. 
Bordeaux mixture may be purchased in 
concentrated form from seedsmen, but the 
homemade mixture is better and cheaper. 
Do not make more at one time than will be 
needed within a short time. The mixture 
is better and more effective if made fresh for 
each spraying. 
Sulphur 
For the control of mildew, pulverized sul- 
phur or flowers of sulphur, procured at a 
drug or seed store, is dusted full strength on 
the diseased plants. A tin can with small 
holes punched in the bottom makes a good 
sifter for this purpose, or a cheap flour sifter 
may be used. The holes in a flour sifter are 
the proper size for this purpose. 
THE SUCKING INSECTS 
For the destruction of insects which suck 
the sap of plants, such as the true bugs and 
the plant lice, or aphids, it is necessary to 
Fig. 22 — Potato blights and their effect. At the left are shown leaves 
and when afflicted with early blight, indicated by brown spots with concentric 
rings. At the right is shown late blight, with dark brown spots looking 
water-soaked. These pictures should help in detecting trouble. 
