6% BIRDS. PASSERES. Lakius. 
ward. Nostrils tubular. Bill with stiff hairs at the base. 
Middle claw serrated. The second quill longest. 
38. C. Europeus, European Goatsucker. — Plumage ash-co- 
loured, much freckled with black, white, and brown. 
Will. Orn. 70. Penn. Brit, Zool. i. 416. Temm. Orn, i. 436. — Night 
Hawk, Dor-hawk, Fern Owl, Church Owl, Night Garr, Wheel Bird, 
Goat Owl — A summer visitant. Near woods. 
Length about 10 inches; weight 3 ounces. BiU weak, black. Legs scaly, 
feathered below the knee. Eyes large. Irides dusky. A large white oval 
spot on the inner web of the three first quiUs, and at the end of the two la- 
teral tail feathers of the male only. Makes no nest, but lays its two eggs, which 
are white, marbled with brown, on the ground among fern or grass. Feeds 
on moths and beetles. Visits this country in May and departs in August. 
Makes a singular noise, like a spinning-wheel; hence called in Wales Aderyn- 
y-droell, or the Wheel Bird. It has long been charged with sucking the teats 
of goats, an operation for which it is disqualified by the form of its bill. 
Gen. XXII. LANIUS. Shrike. — Toes entirely divided. 
Tarsus longer than the middle toe. The third and fourth 
quills the longest. Bill with strong hairs pointing for- 
wards. 
39. L. Excuhitor. Cinereous Shrike. — Head, neck and 
back cinereous, with a black band under the eyes. 
Lanius MerreC sP\Xi. 170 — Lan. cin. major. Will. Orn. 53. — L. Ex. Linn. 
Syst. i. 135 — Great Shrike, Penn. Brit. Zool. i. 213 — L. Ex. Temm. 
Orn. i. 142. ; Wierangel, Mattagasse; IF, Cigydd mawr. — Inhabits 
woods. 
Length 10, breadth 14 inches ; weight above 2 ounces. Bill and legs black. 
The black band of the eyes reaches the ear covers. Plumage, beneath, white. 
Wings black ; the roots of the primaries and tips of the secondaries white. 
Two middle tail-feathers black, the two lateral ones white. female chief- 
ly differs in the dingy colour of her white beneath, with her feathers marked 
with brown crescents. Nest in bushes. Eggs 6 or 7 ; white, with brown spots. 
Young like the female. The food consists of mice, small birds and reptiles, 
which are sometimes stuck on a thorn, and pulled to pieces before being de- 
voured. — It remains to be determined whether this species breeds in Britain. 
It is occasionally found in the beginning of Winter. 
40. L. CoUurio. Red-backed Shrike.— The back, scapulars, 
and wing covers, ferruginous. 
L. tertius, Wilt. Orn. 54 — L. Col. Linn. Syst. i. 136. Penn. Brit. Zool. 
i. 215. Temm. Orn. i. 147- — E., Flusher; JF, Agydd cefn-goch.— A 
summer visitant of England. 
Length 7, breadth 12 inches; weight about 2 ounces. BiU and legs black. 
F'orehead, through the eyes to the ears, black. Head, neck, and rump grey. 
Wings dusky, slightly edged with brown. Plumage, beneath, rose-coloured, 
inclining to white on the throat and vent. The two middle tail-feathers 
black, the others two-thirds white, then black, slightly tipped with white. In 
the female the plumage has more red above and white beneath. The 4 mid- 
dle tail-feathers brown. Builds, in hedges, a nest of moss lined with hair. 
Eggs 5 or 6, variable in colour. Young like the female. Its principal food ia 
