Sterna. 
BIRDS. PALMIPIDES. 
143 
Length 18, breadth 33 inches. Irides dusky. Front, crown, including the 
eyes and nape, black. Neck, breast, rump, and belly, white, the two first 
with a reddish tinge ; back and wing-covers grey. Primaries “ hoary black 
on the outer webs, and more than half of the inner, near the shafts from the 
points, but gradually becoming less towards the base, the shafts and interior 
margins quite to the tip white.” — (Mont.) In winter the black on the head 
disappears, or becomes mottled with white. Eggs 2 or 3, white, with black 
marks. — Young have the black and white mottled head tinged with red, and 
the grey on the back with the same ; wing-feathers dusky ; tail grey at the 
base, then dusky, with a white tip — This species seems to breed in the Fern 
Islands on the coast of Northumberland, according to the notices given by 
Bewick. — It was first detected as a distinct species b}'^ Mr Boys of Sandwich. 
253. S. Anglica. Gull-billed Tern.— Tarsus 2 inches long, 
Bill 1 \ inch, wholly black. Wings 3 inches longer than the 
tail. Feet black. 
Mont. Supp. Orn. Diet. Temm. Orn. ii. 744 In England. 
Dimensions nearly as the preceding. Bill prominent at the symphysis, as 
in the gulls. Front, crown, taking in the eyes, nape, and upper hind-neck 
black, the feathers long. Below white. Back, wings, and tail dark grey ; 
the outer feathers only of the last white ; the five first quills tipped with 
black. In winter the head is white with black marks before and behind the 
eye — This species was first detected by Montagu. — It has since been ob- 
served in eastern Europe and the United States. 
234. S. Dougallii. Roseate Tern.« — Tarsus 1 inch. Bill 1| 
inch, yellow at the base, black at the tip. Wings 2 inches 
shorter than the tail. Feet orange. 
Mont. Supp. Orn. Diet. Temm. Orn. ii. 738 Breeds on the Cumbray 
Islands in the Frith of Clyde. 
Length 15| inches. Irides black ; the front, crown, including the eyes and 
nape, black. A streak above at the base of the upper mandible, cheeks, be- 
low the eye, neck, breast, and belly, white, the three last with a rosy blush j 
above grey. “ Quill-feathers narrow, the first has the exterior web black, 
with a hoary tinge ; the others are hoary on that part ; and a portion of the 
inner web next to the shaft of the first three or four, is hoary black, becom- 
ing by degrees paler in the succeeding feathers, all deeply margined with 
white quite to the tip, and the shafts of aU are white.” — (Mont.) Tail white. 
— This species was first noticed by Dr Macdougall of Glasgow, who communi- 
cated the discovery to Montagu — Temminck states, that it has been found 
on the coast of Norway, and in the Baltic. 
235. S. Hirundo. Common Tern.— Tarsus 1 inch. Bill If 
inch, crimson, tip dark. Wings about the same length as the 
tail. Feet orange. SideTeathers of the tail dusky. 
Hirundo marina. Will. Orn. 268. Sibb. Scot. 21 — S. Hir. Linn. Syst. i. 
217 . Penn. Brit. Zool. ii. 545. — F, Sea-Swallow, GuU-tearer, Spurre, 
Seraye; *S', Picktarny, Tkrock, Bippock ; FF, Y for Wennol fwyaf, 
Y scraean. — Common. 
Length from 14 to 15| ; breadth from 28^ to 30 inches. Bill, from the 
point to the feathers, in front, from 1 1 to 1 1. Gape from 1 1 to 2 inches. 
Tip of the bill varying from pale red to brownish-black. Tarsus from |th to 
1 inch in length. Front, crown, including the upper half of the orbit, and 
half way down the neck behind, black, in some the front is slightly freckled. 
From the nostril along the cheek, over the ears, throat, neck, breast, and 
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