Leuciscus. fishes. MALACOPTERYGIOUS. 187 
Gen. XXXII. ABRAMIS. Bream. — Anal fin long; the 
dorsal fin short, and behind the ventrals. 
" f 6^. A. Brama. Common Bream. — Lateral line placed low, 
and waved irregularly. 
Cyprinus latus (Abramus) Merr. Pin. 190. Will. Ich. 248.— Cyprinus 
Brama, Lmu. Syst. i. 531. Penn. Brit. Zool. iii. 362. Don., Brit. 
Fishes, tab. xciii. — In lakes or deep rivers ; England and Scotland. 
Weight 4 or 5 pounds. Body deep, compressed ; the head small, and the 
back elevated and sharp. Back bluish black ; the sides and belly white ; the 
latter sometimes yellow or red. Scales large. Mouth remarkably small. 
D. 11, (the second ray the longest), p. 19, v. 9, a. 27- (crescent-shaped). 
Spawn in May. Willoughby adds, ‘‘ Hepar habet longum inter ventriculum 
et intestinum, in ipsa flexura eodem modo depositum quo pancreas in avibus. 
Cystis fellea in hepatis parenchymate pene latitat. Lien ei angulosus; ap- 
pendices nullse ; intestina semel reflexa. Vesica pneumatica transversim in 
duos lobos divisa.” According to the Reverend llevett Sheppard, “ There 
exist in the river Trent, in the neighbourhood of Newark, two species or va- 
rieties of bream. The common one Cyprinus Brama is known there by the 
name of Carp Bream, from its yellow colour, and has been taken of nearly 8 
pounds weight. The other species or variety, which I believe to be a non- 
descript, never exceeds a pound in weight. 1 1 is of a silvery hue, and goes by 
the name of White Bream.” — Linn. Trans, xiv. p. 587- According to Pennant, 
the bream occurs in Lochmaben — Liyhtfoofs Flora Scotica, i. 63. 
Gen. XXXIII. LEUCISCUS.— Dorsal and anal fins short. 
^ Ventral and anal Jins reddish. 
^ 63. L. vulgaris. Dace. — Body oblong ; slightly compressed. 
Head small. Irides pale yellow. 
Leuciscus, Merr. Pin, 189. Will. Orn. 260 — Cyprinus Leuciscus, Linn. 
Syst. i. 528. Penn. Brit. Zool. iii. 366. Don., Brit. Fishes, tab. 
Ixxvii. — E. Dar, Dart — In rivers in England. 
Length about 10 inches. Back dusky green; sides and belly silvery. Dor- 
sal fin dusky ; the ventral, anal, and caudal fins red. 1). 10, p. 15, v. 9, a. 9. 
Tail much forked. Spawns in February. liUrks near the roots of trees; 
frolicksome. Flesh insipid. The Graining of Pennant, Brit. Zool. iii. 367 ? 
(the Cyprinus Lancastriensis of Shaw, Gen. Zool. v. 234), is usually, consi- 
dered as a variety of the dace. It is thus described : ‘‘ The graining is found 
in the Mersey, near Warrington ; has much the resemblance of a dace, but is 
more slender,' and the back straiter. The usual length about 74 inches. The 
depth to the length of this is as one to five ; of the dace as one to four. The 
colour of the back is silvery, with a bluish cast. The e}^es, ventral, and anal 
fins are red, but paler than those of the dace. The pectoral fin redder.” 
64. L. cephalus. Chub. — Body and head thick ; snout round- 
ed. Scales large, angular. 
Capito sive cephalus, a Chub or Chevin, Will. Ich. 255 — Gyprinus ob= 
longus macrolepidotus : pinna ani ossiculorum undecim, Art. Ich. 
gen. V. syn. 7 Cyprinus Cephalus, Linn. Syst. i. 527. Penn. Brit. 
Zool. iii. 368 Cyprinus Jeses, Dow. Brit. Fishes, t. cxv.— In rivers 
in England and Scotland. 
