Sparus. 
FISHES. ACANTHOPT. 
Sll 
expanded, at the origin, obscure in its progress towards the tail ; no lateral 
line ; a broad band from eye to eye ; the colour blue, deeper on the back 
than on the belly ; covered with large scales, as well the body as the fins, so 
that the dorsals and anals seem like an extension of the body. I was unable 
to count the rays of the dorsal fins.” Lin. Trans, xiv. 78. 
Gen. LXVII. SPARUS. Gilthead. — Four or six teeth in 
each jaw, in one row; the rest of the jaws paved with 
large round teeth, with blunt summits. 
* i 136. S. aurata , — Between the eyes a semilunar gold-coloured 
spot. 
Aurata Rondeletii, Will. Ich. 307 — S. aur. Linn. Syst. i. 467. Penn. 
Brit. Zool. iii. 240. Dm. Brit. Fishes, t. Ixxxix. — Near bold rocky 
shores — ^Not common. 
Length upwards of 18 inches. Back dusky-green, belly silvery ; a black 
spot at the origin of the lateral line, and another on the gill-cover. Body 
thickest over the pectoral fin. Posterior nostril ovate, oblique, and near the 
eye. D. ii, P. 15, V. A. /g* Six conical teeth in each jaw produced. 
Inner arch of the giUs with short round processes, rough on the surface. 
Stomach with three caeca.— This species seems to be more frequent on the 
southern shores than to the north. I have seen it once caught in the estuary 
of the Tay, in August. 
A 
Gen. LXVIII. PAGRUS. BRAizE.--.-Teeth in front, nume- 
rous, in several rows. 
^ 137. P. vulgaris. Common Braize. — Body red; divisions 
of the tail equal 
P. Bondeletii, Will. Ich. 312. — Sparus Pagrus, Linn. Syst. i. 469. Penn. 
Brit. Zool. iii. 242 — Becker, Sea-Bream ; S, Braize — Common on 
south coast of England and west of Scotland. 
Length about 18 inches. A dark spot at the base of the pectorals. D. if, 
P. 16, V. I, A. /g. Irides silvery ; mouth red within. 
V 138. P. lineatus . — Dusky blue, with pale longitudinal lines ; 
upper division of the tail largest. 
Sparus lin. Mmt. Wern. Mem. ii. 451. t. xxii. — Coast of Devon. 
Length about 15 inches. Body more compressed and arched, and the fins 
broader, and the eye smaller than in the preceding. Irides dusky and sil- 
very. This species is taken near the shore by hook or net, along with the 
preceding, in considerable abundance. — This is probably the species to which 
Mr Couch refers, under the title Sparus Vetula, or Old Wife, (Lin. Trans, xiv. 
79. and of which he gives the following description : — “ The body is deep, 
compressed, and has a considerable resemblance to the S. Pagrus {P. vulgaris ) ; 
the lips are fleshy, and the jaws furnished with a pavement of teeth, of which 
those in front are the longest ; the gill membrane has five rays ; the gill-covers 
and body are covered with large scales. The ten first rays of the dorsal fin 
are spinous ; the anal fin also has four spinous rays, after which it becomes 
more expanded ; the tail is concave. — This fish has a membranous septum 
across the palate, as in the Wrasse genus. When in high season the colour 
behind the head is a fine green, towards the tail it is a reddish orange. The 
