Asterias. 
RADIATA. ASTERIADiE. 
487 
Pentadactylosaster asper hispidus, Lmck^ 35, t. xxxv. No. 59. ; and 
p. 40, t. XV. xvi. No. 26-41, xvii. 27, xiv. 25.— A. rubeiis, Linn. Syst. 
1099 A. hispida, Penn. Br. Zool. iv. t. xxx. f. 58 — On the Scottish 
coast, frequent. 
Diameter about 6 inches ; the rays a purplish-red, rounded, and length- 
ened ; the tubercles brown, numerous, with very short, blunt, rough spines. 
53. A. endica. — Rays nine, closely covered with tubercles 
ending in a tuft of short blunt spines. 
Sower. Br. Misc. t. xxiv. — Occasionally found in the Frith of Forth. 
This species bears a near resemblance to the preceding. It differs, how- 
ever, besides the number of rays, in the tubercles being irregularly crowd- 
ed, in those on the margin of the rays being more produced and pectinated, 
and in the greater length of the spines guarding the canals below. 
54. A. papposa. — Rays twelve or fourteen, covered with pro- 
duced tubercles, supporting short spines, 
Linch, p. 41, No. xxxii. No. 52. ; and xxxiv. 54. Linn. Syst. 1098, No. 2.— 
A. helianthemoides, Penn. Br. Zool. iv. 66. No. 72. — Common on all 
parts of the coast. 
In this species, which sometimes reaches to 8 or 10 inches in diameter, the 
rays vary from twelve to fourteen ; the body is coarsely villous, but some- 
what lax ; the spines on each side of the avenue of suckers in pectinated 
brushes, four or five in each ; on each side the rays is a thin row of elevated 
tubercles covered on the top with short spines, with a lateral vacant space. 
25. A. glacidlis. Cross-fish.^ — Rays angular, covered with 
short, blunt, single, cylindrical spines. 
Stella coriacea acutangula, Linck, p. 31, t. xxxvi. No. 61. ; cancellata, 
(young), p. 32, t. vii. n. g — Easter., Op. Sub. 111. 116. t. xii. f. 1-6 — > 
K. gl. Linn. Syst. 1099, No. 5. Penn. Br. Zool. iv. p. 60, No. 54.— 
A. clathrata (young), p. 61, No. 55, t. xxx. f. 1— Common. 
This species, nearly a foot in diameter, has from four to six rays ; in gene- 
ral it has five ; these are usually subtriangular, the ridge above marked by 
a line in the middle of the ray. The spine of the tubercle frequently sur- 
rounded by a moniliform ring. On the margin of the suckers the spines are 
more produced. When young, the surface is cancellated. It is reckoned 
destructive to oyster-beds. 
26. A. spinosa. — -Rays of almost equal thickness, and thin- 
ly covered with produced spines. 
Linck., p. 35, t. iv. No. 7- Bor. Corn. p. 259, t. xxv. f. 18 — Luid found 
this species on the west of Ireland, and afterwards in Cornwall, as 
mentioned by Linck, but neither he nor Borlase have given any 
satisfactory details. 
27« A. oculata. — Rays rounded, nearly smooth, and dotted. 
Pentadactylosaster asper oculatus, Linck., p. 35, t. xxxvi. No. 62, and 
Porphyraster Luidii, ib. 81, (and referred to by Stewart, El. i. p. 401, 
as his seposita, but the description is that of rubens)..^A. oculata, Penn. 
Br. Zool. iv. 61, No. 56. t. xxx. f. 56. Corc/meFs Ruins, No. 15. — ^Not 
common on the English and Scottish coasts. 
The tubercles are minute, and pectinated. The avenue of suckers nar» 
roAv. Of a purple colour, and seldom above 2 inches in diameter. 
