Turbinolia. ZOOPHYTA. LAMELLIFERjE. 509 
249. Two specimens found in 1809, growing on a dead valve of Pec^ 
ten opercularis, from deep water off Foulah, in Zetland. 
The largest specimen is inversely conical ; a little compressed ; half an inch 
in height ; two-tenths, in its broadest diameter at the base, and six-tenths at 
the star, where it is four-tenths across ; externally it is longitudinally striated 
and rough. The disc is oval, and a little compressed. The lamellae are dis- 
posed in fours, and may be distinguished into three different kinds. The first 
are the highest and the broadest at the margin, but as they descend into the 
disc they become narrower before they join the central plate. The second 
kind are narrower than the preceding at the margin, but towards the middle 
they suddenly enlarge and join the middle plate. The third kind are the 
smallest, and terminate before reaching the middle plate. The space included 
between a pair of the first kind of plates, contains one of the second kind in 
the middle, with one of the third kind in each of the lateral spaces. Those 
on the sides are rough, with small scattered tubercles, and their margins are 
curled. This last circumstance occasions the roughness externally, where the 
longitudinal striae are the remains of the gills. The plate which occupies the 
bottom of the concavity is smooth, various twisted, and connected with the 
base of the lateral plates. When first observed, the disc was covered with 
black putrid animal matter.— It has been reported that the C. musicalis (Ellis, 
Phil. Trans. 1763, t. xx. f. 14.) has been cast ashore on the Irish coast. 
EXTINCT SPECIES. 
1. C. annularis. — Branched, nearly cylindrical, with transverse plates, which 
exteriorly seem like a series of ligatures ; surface not muricated. — Madrepo- 
rite, Park. Org. Rem. ii. 67. t. v. f. 5. — In Oolite. 
2. Q. fasciculata. — Crowded, branched, round, nearly cylindrical, slightly 
flexuous, and about a quarter of an inch in diameter — Madreporite, Park. 
Org. Rem. 51. t. vi. f. 8. — Madrepora cespitosa. Mart. Derb. t. 17 — Carhmi- 
ferous Limestone. 
3. C. duplicatus Tubes cylindrical, adjacent, unequal; centre proliferous; 
margin dilated — Madrepora dup. Mart. Pet. Derb. t. xxx. — Carboniferous 
Limestone. 
4. C. affinis Stems slightly branched, cylindrical, equal, smooth, rather 
distant, and about half an inch in diameter. — M. aff. Mart. Derb. t. 31 — Car- 
boniferous Limestone. 
5. C. juncea. — Stems slightly branched, cylindrical, smooth, or slightly 
wrinkled transversely, and about one-tenth of an inch in diameter.— Junci 
lapidei, Cr^, Ruth. 337* t. xix. f. 12 — Very common in Carboniferous Lime- 
stone. 
6. C. centralis Root spreading, indented ; stem narrow at the base ; en- 
larging subcylindrically towards the tip ; longitudinally striated ; the striae 
alternately larger and smaller ; no transverse striae ; disc with small and large 
plates from the circumference to the centre — Corallite, Park. Org. Rem. li. 
32. t. iv. f. 15, 16. — Madrepora centralis, Mant. Geol. 159. t. xvi. f. 2, 4. — In 
Chalk. 
It is probable that Amplexus coralloides^ p. 251. though inserted by Mr 
Sowerby among the multilocular testacea, may yet be found connected with 
the present genus. 
Gen. xxx. TURBINOLIA. — Turbinated, detached, base 
acute, not adhering; star single. 
71. T. borealis.— ’Widely conical, slightly bent. 
