5M ZOOPHYTA. SPONGIADiE. Halichondria, 
portions, especially towards the margin, and produces a cracked surface when 
drying. 
108. H. infundibuli/brmis. — Widely funnel-shaped, thin, 
uniform, and brittle ; spicula long, linear, and pointed. 
Spong. inf. Linn. Syst. i. 1296. Jameson^ Wern. Mem. 562.-'Northern 
Islands rare. 
Body cup-shaped, when dry tender ; nearly of uniform thickness ; the 
pores are not half the size of the preceding [species, the substance is softer, 
and the spicula shorter and less matted. 
Inhabiting fresh water. of Lamarck. 
109. 1A-. jlumatilis. — Soft, brittle, and slenderly fibrous when 
dry ; spicula linear and doubly pointed. 
S. fluv. Linn. Syst. i. 1299. — Pallas, El. 384. — S. friabilis, Grants Edin. 
Phil. Journ. xiv. 270. — In rivers and lakes. 
Massive, with the surface rising into narrow ridges or pointed branches ; 
sometimes slenderly branched and acuminated (then constituting the S. ca- 
nalium of Gmelin ; Flem. Phil. Zool. ii. 614. t. v. f. 4.) The fibrous structure 
very obvious, the fibres fine, and diverging from the centre ; pores small. 
110. H. laciistris. — Hard, brittle, and coarsely fibrous ; spi- 
cula linear, and doubly pointed. 
S. lac. Linn. Syst. i. 1299. Donh Animals of Forfarshire, 36. — In lakes 
in Angus and Fife. 
Massive, rising into short rounded branches ; the fibres are coarser, and 
the substance denser than the preceding ; the spicula, too, though similar in 
form, are thicker, and about one.fourth shorter. It is difficult to determine 
the true place of the two fresh water Sponges noticed by Bay, under the 
titles “ Spongia ramosa fluviatilis” and “ Spongia fluviatilis ramosa fijagilis.” 
— Syn. Stirp. 30. 
Gen. XL IV. SPONGIA. — Porous, the cartilaginous skele- 
ton simple, or destitute of earthy spicula. 
111. S. pulchella. — Massive, irregular, consisting of finely re- 
ticulated simple fibres. 
Sower. Brit. Misc. t. xliii. — Southern and western coasts. 
The texture is open, pervious to the light, the surface muricaited by the 
free extremities of the fibres ; these have an ascending direction, and fre- 
quently anastomose, forming irregular meshes. 
Gen. XLV. GRANTIA. — Porous, the cartilaginous skele- 
ton strengthened by calcareous spicula. I have ventured 
to dedicate this genus to Dr Grant, to commemorate his 
valuable services in elucidating the physiology of sponges, 
already referred to. 
112. G. compy'essa. — Subtubular, compressed, with simple, 
terminal, and lateral orifices ; spicula of two kinds, triradiate 
and clavate. 
