THE ENTOMOLOGIST’S WEEKLY INTELLIGENCER. 
39 
question, deposed that the defendant had 
said “What are you doing here?” As 
no answer was returned the defendant 
struck at the net which Mr. Button was 
carrying. 
“ Mr. Button said it was most im- 
portant for the successful study of insects 
that he should watch their habits at 
night. 
“ The Chairman remarked that Mr. 
Lloyd did not want persons to study 
insects on his ground, and as the com- 
plainant had the leave of the Archbishop 
he had much better have kept on his 
Grace’s ground, and not gone on that 
belonging to Mr. Lloyd. There appeared 
to have been an assault committed by 
the defendant, for which they fined him 
7s. and 13s. costs.” — Paid. — From the 
‘ Sussex Advertiser^ April 23, 1861. 
ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES. 
Extracts from Dr. Asa Gray’s ‘ Free 
Examination of Darwin’s Treatise and 
of its American Reviewers’ 
(Continued from vol. ix. p. 200). 
“ Since, then, questions about the 
origin of species will be raised and have 
been raised, — and since the theorizings, 
however different in particulars, all pro- 
ceed upon the notion that one species of 
plant or animal is somehow derived from 
another, that the different sorts which 
now flourish are lineal (or unlineal) de- 
scendants of other and earlier sorts, — it 
now concerns us to ask. What are the 
grounds in Nature, the admitted facts, 
which suggest hypotheses of derivation in 
some shape or other? Reasons there 
must be, and plausible ones, for the per- 
sistent occurrence of theories upon this 
genetic basis. A study of Darwin’s 
book, and a general glance at the present 
state of the natural sciences, enable us to 
gather the following as among the most 
suggestive and influential. We can only 
enumerate them here, without much 
indication of their particular bearing. 
There is, — 
“ 1. The general fact of variability, 
and the general tendency of the variety 
to propagate its like; the patent facts 
that all species vary more or less ; that 
domesticated plants and animals, being in 
conditions favourable to the production 
and preservation of varieties, are apt to 
vary widely; and that by interbreeding 
any variety may be fixed into a race, that 
is, into a variety which comes true from 
seed. ^ * Moreover, the degree 
to which the descendants of the same 
stock, varying in different directions, may 
at length diverge, is unknown. All we 
know is, that varieties are themselves 
variable, and that very diverse forms 
have been educed from one stock. 
“2. Species of the same genus are not 
distinguished from each other by equal 
amounts of difference. * * * And 
in large genera the unequal resemblance 
shows itself in the clustering of the spe- 
cies around several types or central spe- 
cies, like satellites around their respective 
planets. * * * That such closely 
related species may be only varieties of 
higher grade, earlier origin or more 
favoured evolution, is not a very violent 
supposition. * * * 
“ 3. The actual geographical distribu- 
tion of species upon the earth’s surface 
tends to suggest the same notion. For, 
as a general thing, all or most of the 
species of a peculiar genus or other type 
are grouped in the same country, or 
occupy continuous, proximate or acces- 
sible areas. So well does this rule 
hold, so general is the implication that 
kindred species are or were associated 
geographically, that most trustworthy 
