12 
THE UPNOR ELEPHANT 
The dimensions of the second metacarpal are : 
mm. 
Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 
Width of upper end from before backwards . . .. .. .. 120 
Width of upper end from side to side . . . . . . . . 94 
Width of the middle of the shaft . . . . . . . . . . 84 
Width of distal expansion . . . . . . . . . . . . no 
The third metacarpal is the largest ; it is preserved on both sides. Its upper 
end is nearly entirely occupied by a broad facet for the magnum, gently convex 
from before backwards and slightly concave from side to side. The remainder of 
the upper end is occupied by a narrow facet for the unciform extending from the 
front to the back of the bone and making an angle of about io° with the facet for 
the magnum. Beneath the facets for the carpals are those for the neighbouring 
metacarpals, that for the fourth being deep and sharply defined ; it extends nearly 
the whole width of the bone. The shaft is stouter than in the second metacarpal, 
and less triangular in section, and the distal articulation is extraordinarily massive. 
The dimensions of the third metacarpal are : 
mm. 
Greatest length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246 
Width of upper end from side to side . . . . . . . . 114 
Width of upper end from before back . . . . . . . . 121 
Width of the middle of the shaft . . . . . . . . . . 100 
Width of the distal end . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 
The fourth metacarpal is preserved on the right side only. Though shorter 
than the third it is broader, at least in front. Its upper end is occupied by a 
gently convex facet for union with the unciform, the only carpal with which it is 
in contact. This facet is triangular in outline, its anterior border is slightly convex 
from side to side, the inner is nearly straight, and the outer somewhat concave. 
Beneath this facet the sides of the bone bear surfaces for union with the adjacent 
metacarpals. That for the third is the widest and makes an angle of about 115 0 
with the unciform facet, while the narrower surface for the fifth metacarpal is about 
at right angles to it. The shaft is roughly triangular in section, its anterior face 
being gently convex from side to side. The distal articular surface consists of a 
broad convex facet for the phalangeal bone, and behind this a surface for the 
sesamoids, divided into a large outer and a small inner facet. 
On the whole, the third and fourth metacarpals are very like those of the 
African elephant. 
The dimensions of the fourth metacarpal are : 
mm. 
Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216 
Width of the upper end from side to side . . . . . . . , 120 
Width of upper end from before backwards . . .. .. .. 121 
Width of the middle of the shaft . . . . . . . . . . 108 
Width of the distal end . . . . . . . . . . . . 122 
