DESCRIPTION OF THE LIMBS 
ii 
(M3196), also figured by Falconer (PI. 50, figs. 2, 2 a, 2 b), the facet for the second 
metacarpal extends the whole width of the bone. In Elephas antiquus recki also 
this facet extends the whole width of the bone, but narrows towards the front ; 
the same is the case in a very large magnum (18224) from Grays referred to 
E. antiquus. If the determination is correct, as from the size of the bone and 
the locality in which it was found it probably is, it would appear that there may 
be considerable individual variation in the structure of the foot. In Palaeo- 
mastodon the facet for the second metacarpal is complete, so that its restriction 
to the posterior part of the bone seems to be a specialization. 
The dimensions of the magnum are : 
Greatest distance before backwards 
Width of the surface for lunar behind 
Width of the surface for lunar in front 
Greatest width of lunar facet from before backwards 
Width of surface for third metacarpal in front 
Height at antero-internal angle 
Height at antero-external angle 
mm. 
174 
127 
11 7 
135 
94 
89 
97 
Unciform. — No specimen of the unciform has been preserved. 
Metacarpals. — The metacarpals are extraordinarily stout and massive. The 
first metacarpal is preserved on both sides. It is somewhat compressed from side 
to side and considerably expanded from before backwards at its upper end, having 
a large pointed prominence projecting considerably behind the facet for the tra- 
pezium. This facet is oval in outline, its long axis being antero-posterior ; it is 
gently concave. The distal end of the bone is somewhat enlarged and the articular 
surface for the phalanx and sesamoid bones is rather more than a quarter of a 
circle, and extends considerably up the posterior face of the bone. The face of the 
shaft next to the second metacarpal is concave from above downwards. 
The dimensions of the bone are : 
Length 
Width of facet for the trapezium from before backwards 
Width of facet for the trapezium from side to side 
Width of the distal articulation from before backwards 
about 
mm. 
154 
175 
55 
86 
The second metacarpal is complete on the right side only. At its upper end 
it bears three facets, one extending from the front to the back, and in front occupy- 
ing the whole width of the bone, this is for the trapezoid and is concave from side 
to side. The second facet, which is for the magnum, is confined to the postero- 
external side. It is nearly flat and makes an angle of about 105° with the 
trapezoidal facet. The third facet is a band-like surface beneath the facet for the 
magnum with which it makes an angle of about 120° ; it is for union with the third 
metacarpal. The shaft is triangular in section, and towards its distal end widens 
out to bear the broad convex surface for the phalange. 
