INTRODUCTION 
Owing to increasing ill-health the late Dr. Andrews was unable to complete his 
account of the specimen of Elephas antiquus which had been discovered at Upnor. 
Some time ago Dr. F. A. Bather, Keeper of the Department of Geology in the British 
Museum, was kind enough to ask me to prepare Dr. Andrews’ account for the press 
and to describe such parts of the skeleton as were still undone. 
After I had gladly undertaken to finish my late friend’s work I learnt that, 
through the great generosity of Dr. Rushton Parker, the specimen was to be 
mounted for exhibition, and it seemed very fitting that a figure of the animal as 
finally mounted should form the frontispiece to Andrews’ paper. The time involved 
in preparing the skeleton and in making the complicated mount has caused some 
delay in the publication of this paper, but that such delay was worth while is 
evident from an inspection of the striking exhibit which is the outcome of Dr. 
Rushton Parker’s benefaction. As now mounted the specimen shows that the 
Upnor Elephant is one of the largest of all the known forms, and that, in spite of 
the absence of the skull, the right fore-limb, and the ribs, it is still probably the 
finest and most complete skeleton of Elephas antiquus in existence ; and, from the 
great rarity of associated bones of this species, it is one of very great scientific 
value as a standard of comparison. 
It is with great pleasure that I acknowledge the assistance of Mr. L. E. 
Parsons, Preparator in the Geological Department, who not only took part in the 
actual collection of the bones as Dr. Andrews has already recorded, but who also 
has been responsible for the preparation and mounting of the specimen for exhibi- 
tion. To him, therefore, the credit of this admirable piece of work is due. Nor 
should the preliminary work of Mr. W. Worgan and Mr. W. Mitchell, the joiners 
of the Department, pass without notice ; no one who has had experience in the 
mounting of fragile bones of the size of those in this elephant will fail to recognise 
the skill and care required for the design of the necessary wood cradles and other 
preliminary supports which are needed before the final ironwork can be placed in 
position. During my visits to the Museum for the purpose of superintending the 
mounting of this specimen I have also had assistance and advice from three 
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