PREFACE 
Charles William Andrews, who entered the Geological Department on the 
3rd November, 1892, and won for himself the highest reputation as a student of 
extinct vertebrata, died on the 25th May, 1924. It has been one of the greatest 
privileges of my short term of office to superintend the mounting of the great 
skeleton extracted by my late friend and colleague from the river gravels at Upnor, 
near Rochester, in Kent. The present volume may perhaps be taken as completing 
the Department’s tribute to his memory. 
Deprived as the Department was of the services, not only of Dr. Andrews, 
but of its other distinguished authority on fossil vertebrates — Sir Arthur Smith 
Woodward— it would scarcely have been possible either to have finished the mount 
or to have produced the memoir by this time had it not been for the friendly 
assistance of Mr. C. Forster Cooper. Though it has been for him a labour of love, 
that does not make this expression of gratitude any less sincere. 
Dr. Andrews’ account of the specimen runs from page 1 to page 18, and 
contains, just as left by him, the description of all the skeleton except the vertebral 
column, pelvis, and teeth. Those portions are described by Mr. Forster Cooper. 
The black-and-white illustrations to Dr. Andrews’ section are by Miss Gertrude 
M. Woodward ; Mr. Forster Cooper has made the drawings for his own contri- 
butions. The photographs of the mounted skeleton were taken in the difficult 
surroundings of a crowded and cross-lit public gallery by the Museum Photographer, 
Mr. H. G. Herring. 
Since the title-page of this Memoir bears the name Elephas antiquus it seems 
advisable to point out the sense in which this is used. The name first appeared in 
1847 attached with a ? to certain figures of molars on plate 14 B, and of a skull on 
plate 42, of Falconer’s “ Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis.” It next occurred as a simple 
list name in a synoptic table accompanying Falconer’s paper on Mastodon and 
Elephant in Great Britain (1857). Then in the second half of that paper, posthu- 
mously published in 1865, Falconer explained that everything called by him 
E. antiquus in the “ Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis ” was really E. meridionalis , while 
all figures bearing the name E. meridionalis belonged to E. antiquus . The facts 
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