POISONOUS METALS ON SPRAYED FRUITS AND VEGETABLES. 13 
In 1910 Bedim (13) reported from 0.2 to 0.4 milligram of arsenious 
oxid per kilogram in the skins of pears that had been sprayed with 
arsenate of iron, and only a trace of arsenic in the pulp. The same 
year Porchet (110) reported that pears sprayed with lead arsenate 
contained as much as 0.3 milligram of arsenious oxid per kilogram 
in both the pulp and the skin; that the skins of unsprayed pears 
contained 0.035 milligram of arsenious oxid per kilogram of fruit; 
that sprayed grapes contained traces of arsenic, apparently the same 
in the interior as on the exterior of the fruit, the highest amount' 
obtained being 0.2 milligram per kilogram of grapes; and that the 
traces of arsenic passed from the grapes into the must, but that the 
arsenic was precipitated as sulphid during the fermentation. Chuard 
(24) also found that the arsenic in the must was precipitated as 
sulphid during the fermentation. 
Fetel (37), in 1910, reported that 10 samples of grapes bought on 
the market in Algeria on August 8 and 25, September 1 and 19, and 
October 3 contained an average of 0.038 milligram of arsenic per 
kilogram, while unsprayed grapes, collected on August 8 and 
September 1 and 8, contained no arsenic. Grapes sprayed twice 
before blossoming, with a Bordeaux-sodium- arsenate mixture, and 
gathered on August 10 and 25 and September 5 and 22, contained, 
respectively, 0.185, 0.083, 0.074, and 0.074 milligram of arsenic per 
kilogram. Grapes sprayed twice before flowering with arsenious 
acid and on July 24 with Bordeaux-arsenious-acid mixtures, and 
gathered on July 24 before and after this last spraying, on August 22, 
and on September 15, contained, respectively, 0.056, 0.467, 0.149, 
and 0.112 milligram of arsenic per kilogram. 
In 1909 and 1910 Brioux and Griffon (18) found 0.001, 0.001, and 
0.004 milligram of arsenic per kilogram in three lots of pears that 
had been sprayed with a Bordeaux-lead-arsenate mixture. They 
also reported that, although apples which had been sprayed with 
lead arsenate on June 8 and June 22, 1910, contained when ex- 
amined in July 1.3 milligrams of arsenic and 14.2 milligrams of lead 
per kilogram, yet in September, at harvest time, the apples and the 
cider contained no lead and only traces of arsenic. 
Moreau and Vinet (92), in 1910, reported that grapes sprayed 
with lead arsenate on May 27 and June 6 contained, respectively, on 
June 22 and September 14, about 2 and 0.28 milligrams of lead arse- 
nate per bunch, and that 165 grams of moist lees contained 1.38 milli- 
grams of lead arsenate, but that the wines contained no lead or arsenic. 
They found (93) that only 1 per cent of the lead arsenate which they 
had applied on May 31 was retained by the grapes, 0.58 milligram per 
bunch, and that with the development of the grapes a second spraying 
was necessary on June 14 to control the first generation of the cochylis 
larva. They also found that a spraying on August 6 to control the 
