Feb, 1942 
The Queensland Naturalist 
7 
hamii, Clerodendron floribundum, Erythrina vespertilio , 
Excaecaria Dallachyana , Ficus eugenioides, Flindersia 
australis , Mallotus claoxyloides, Melia dubia , Pentaceras 
australis , Scolopia B.rownii, and Strychnos arborca; 
(small soft-wooded shrubs) Abutilon acutatum and 
Solanum stelligerum ; (lianas, all prickly) Capparis sar- 
mentosa, Mczoneuron Scortechinii, and the introduced 
Lantana camara; (herbs, not grass-like) Ghenopodium 
cristatum, C. triangulare f Cotula australis , Galinsoga 
parviflora , Malvastrum coromandelinum, Plantago varia , 
Sida rhombifolia, S tell aria media , Tagetes glandulifera , 
and TJrtica incisa ; one sedge, Cyperus gracilis, and the 
following grasses, Chloris gay ana, Eleusine indica, Paspa- 
lidium distans, Paspalum dilatatum, Microlaena stipoides , 
and Sporobolus elongatus. Many of the herbaceous plants 
occurred chiefly at the edge, and are obviously strays; 
probably only Chenopodium spp., TJrtica, Cyperus , and 
the Paspalidium are species of the original forest. 
2. The Open Forest (Figs. 1, 2, 4) occurs in the 
wider parts of the valley, on the slopes, and at times on 
the crests of the ranges. It is dominated by species of 
Eucalyptus forming tall straight trees, and has a broken 
to fairly continuous though rather light canopy. There 
is little or no undergrowth, but everywhere there is a 
dense grass cover which completely dominates the ground 
cover. Some considerable variation can be seen in the 
forest, and two leading types can be distinguished. 
In the broader lower parts of the valley the character- 
istic community is Eucalyptus tereticornis — Angophora 
subvelutina (blue gum apple) forest, and this extends 
over the flatter parts and also up the lower slopes to a 
more or less extent (Figs. 2 and 4). The eucalypt forms 
massive tall trees which are rather widely spaced. The 
apple is a small gnarled crooked tree which occurs 
scattered between the gums, so that there is a very dis- 
continuous canopy. This forest type has been more or 
less affected by settlement throughout its extent, and 
introduced plants are prominent in the ground cover. 
This latter is dominated by the two grasses Pennisetum 
alopecuroides (swamp fox-tail, 4-5 ft. high) and the 
introduced Paspalum dilatatum (paspalum), with some- 
times the latter (in the least unaltered areas) and some- 
times the former tending to disappear; abundant also are 
the grasses and grass-like sedges Imperata cylindrica var. 
major (blady grass), Themeda australis (kangaroo 
