TFIE SUBSTITUTE. 
41 
jrrown, or at any rate easy to find. 
Does any one know wliere tliey 
would be likely to hide ? as it 
would be quite as aniusin" win- 
ter’s occupation to search lor hy- 
bernaling: larvaj as to diy: for 
pupae. — Charles G. Barrett, 
37, Park Street, Mile End ; Ocio- 
I her 31, 185(1. 
Steropps Paniscus. — In No. 19 
of the ‘ lutelliitencer’ a corres- 
pondent, at Cirencester, notices 
I the capture of Slrropes Paniscus, 
and the editor adds, “this is a 
new locality for the local Panis- 
cus.'’' In the subsequent Niiinber 
; the correspondent admits he was 
: in error, the specimens proving- to 
be the common Pamphila Sylva- 
nus. I beg to say that during the 
summer I took two specimens of 
Paniscus the same day, and saw 
others on the wing. — G. Gas- 
coyne, Netvark ; November 1, 
1856. 
Late appearance of Plutella por- 
reclella. — It may not be amiss to 
. tell you that I took, about a fort- 
I night ago, a dozen specimens of 
. Plutella porrectella evidently quite 
1 fresh and just out. As this is 
'very much later than the time 
imentioned in the ‘Calendar’ lor 
I the appearance of this insect, it 
faj)pears to me as if these must 
ihave been a third brood. — T. 
'WiLDMAN, Grove Place, Camher- 
!well ; November 1, 1856. 
Notes 071 Lepidoptera . — I was 
! much interested with the remarks 
in a “Beginner’s List of Butter- 
l flies,” and think we should soon 
i-know more about them if every- 
body adopted the same plan. 
There can be no question about 
•the hybernation of Gonepteryx 
.Rhamiii, for I have taken them in 
: the spring with the wings stained. 
evidently from hybernating in a 
damp place. I think there are 
two broods in the year, one in the 
summer, and the other in the 
autumn, which hybernates. Last 
autumn (1855) the larvre q{ Pieris 
Brassicce abounded in Shropshire 
to such an extent that the brocoli 
were almost destroyed, and the 
savoys and borecole completely 
reduced to skeletons, and even the 
turnips were extensively attacked ; 
it seemed as if the air would be 
filled with white butterflies this 
spring, but to my surprise they 
were nearly all Tchneumoncd ; cer- 
tainly not one-fifth, perhaps not 
one-tenth escaped, the walls, rail- 
ings and even trees, were studded 
with the little yellow or white 
bunches of Ichneumon chrysa- 
lides. I am pretty sure that there 
are three broods of L. Algeria in 
the year ; I have noticed them 
looking fresh in April, June and 
August or September; and as they 
quickly lose their beauty and fade, 
it is easy to tell a young specimen 
from one a few weeks old. The 
female of the second brood of L. 
Megasa appears to be larger and 
lighter than that of the first or 
any of the males. I never met 
with a V. Alalaiila that had any 
appearance of having hybernated, 
and I think it very seldom hap- 
j)ens. In Salop I could not find 
a specimen of this insect in 1854, 
and in 1855 it did not appear till 
nearly the end of September, and 
lasted till the beginning of No- 
vember. What becomes of V. 
Potychlo7-os m the autumn ? They 
were pretty common the first fort- 
night in August, but since I have 
not been able to find one; yet 
they appear again in the spring. 
Is it possible that they retire into 
E 3 
