30 
THE SUBSTITUTE. 
such very superficial memoranda 
as the above to appear in print in 
the ‘ Substitute?’ If they do ap- 
pear, please to lay the blame on 
tbe editor for admittinsr them. 
For my part I am satisfied that 
they will cause much pleasure to 
maiiv beginners, for there are 
very' few, I should think, who 
have not collected more species, 
or who could not show a better 
result of their first year’s study of 
the ‘ Manual.’— Limacodes Tes- 
I'lno. 
ExyJanalionn hy Paterfamilias. 
Nn'.\. 
I ptU the jam-pots containing 
the remaining pvpcf j' ^-c., (Intelli- 
gencer, p. 2.) — My boy wanted me 
to tell him why Mr. Douglas kept 
his pupa? in jam-pots, and whether 
he kept large pupa) as well as 
small pupa) in jam-pots. Now if 
I understand the matter rightly 
(and perhaps you will kindly set 
me right if I make a mistake) it is 
only the pupae of the smaller Le- 
pid’optera that are kept in jam- 
pots, and none of those that re- 
quire earth are so kept. The 
novel breeding-cage (of which I 
•once heard that the idea was 
started by Mr. C. S. Gregson) is 
principally used for the leaf- 
mining species, though applicable 
also to many external feeders, and 
to the leaf-rolling and seed-eating 
Tortrices. Talking of Tortrices 
reminds me to ask when are we to 
have a book on that family: for 
my own part I can’t see why the 
Tiime should be so much patron- 
ised to the neglect of their elder 
brethren. Now, don’t say 1 m 
rambling again ; and really you 
were too hard upon me before, po- 
king fun at me in print ; few 
people like to be caricatured in 
Punch, and, except that it has no 
wood-cuts, the ‘ Intelligencer’ has 
turned out a species of Entomolo- 
gical Punch. The jam-pots are 
ground a little ut the top and 
covered over with a flat piece of 
glass so as to e.xclude the air. 
They form a very clean and simple 
sort of breeding-cage. 
No. 2. 
“ Unfortunately for agricnlture 
the 7iew enemy belongs to that order 
of insects called Diptera, and the 
mmiber of entomologists teho attend 
to and study that Order is 7iot 7iu- 
me7-ous” (intelligencer, p. 17.) — 
Here my boy completely posed 
me, for having first asked, “ What 
are Diptera P ” which was not a 
difficult question to answer, he 
next enquired, “Why don’t ento- 
mologists attend to the flies?” 
Ileally, I declare I didn’t know 
what to say. I felt very much 
inclined to tell him not to ask 
such questions, hut then, I have 
always been in the habit of en- 
couraging him to ask when he 
wanted information, so I told him 
I would give him an answer the 
next day. Having thus obtained 
a reprieve, as it were, I proceeded 
to ponder what answer I should 
give. It will not do, thought I, 
to say they are not often met with ; 
nor will it do to say they are all so 
much alike, for the most superfi- 
cial can see the difference between 
a Syrplms and a Culc.v. I cannot 
say they are difficult to set. Then 
I thought there is no one to help 
a beginner, Imt no, there is Mr. 
Walker, and, though I have not 
the ])leasurc of his personal ac- 
quaintance, I have always under- 
stood he was most ready to give 
any assistance in his power to the 
