128 
ARTIFICIAL ADAPTATIONS OF 
Perhaps the most beautiful of all small trees for such purposes 
is the weeping Japan sophora. It is grafted from seven to ten feet 
high on other stocks, and for many years its growth is slow ; but if 
one will have the patience to wait, a more charming and curious 
bower can be made with a circle of sophoras than of any tree we 
know of. An engraving of this variety may be found in the de- 
scription of the species, Part II, Chapter III, 
We have named only a few of the trees which may be made use 
of for growing these artificial bowers. For very small grounds 
there are many arboreous shrubs which may be used to produce 
similar effects on the inside, and appear as naturally grown groups 
on the outside. 
Single apple trees sometimes form great bowers with their own 
branches alone. There is a beautiful specimen of this kind in the 
grounds of W. S. Little, Esq., of Rochester, N. Y. It is an old 
tree of the twenty ounce pippin variety. At the height of seven or 
eight feet its branches spread horizontally, and finally bend to the 
ground on all sides, enclosing in deep shadow a circular space forty 
feet wide ; an arched opening is made on one side. A sketch of 
this tree is given in the engraving at the end of this chapter. 
Elms may be used with good effect for arches of a larger 
growth than those already suggest- 
ed. The adjoining sketch. Fig. 39, 
will illustrate one mode of procedure, 
where there is room for large trees. 
Two common weeping elms are to 
be chosen, each having two diverg- 
ing branches at the height of six to 
eight feet from the ground, and to be 
so planted that the extension of these 
branches will be parallel with the 
fence. For a foot-walk gate-way, 
plant them about two feet back from 
the fence-line, and the same distance, 
or less, from the walk. After the trees have grown so that the 
branches towards the gate are long enough to be connected, as 
shown in Fig. 39, and upwards of half an inch in diameter, they 
Fig. 39. 
