AND GROUNDS. 
135 
through such an approach will serve to bring into bright relief the 
unshadowed front of the house, and the open expanse of sunny 
lawn around it. The evergreen trees that are within fifteen feet of 
the deciduous trees which form the avenue should not be allowed 
to make their full natural growth upwards, but be topped irregu- 
larly so that the latter may not be obstructed in their natural 
expansion. The avenue trees are to be considered the rightful 
owners of all the space they can grow to fill, and the evergreens 
only tenants at will so far as they occupy places which the 
branches of the deciduous trees will eventually overgrow. But 
for many years both may grow unharmful to the other. 
In the back part of the lot let us take an inventory of the utili- 
tarian features of the plan, and then of their connection with the 
decorative effect. The grape-walk, it will be seen, is on a right line 
with the length of the side veranda. A double arch marks the 
entrance to this and the dwarf pear walk. Arch openings in the 
grape-trellis give access to the walks of the kitchen-garden for the 
family, while for work and for servants’ use, another walk leads 
from the wash-room and the back veranda. The vegetable garden 
is thus entirely out of sight from the house, and from every part 
of the grounds, and yet has a sufficiently open exposure, and the 
most convenient proximity to the kitchen. The long grape-walk 
trellis will have a good exposure, to whatever point of the compass 
its length tends. The same may be said of the dwarf pear border. 
There are six standard pear trees, four cherry, two peach, and 
one apple tree marked on the plan. Other peach trees may be 
planted in between the cherries and pears if the owner will be 
sure to cut them out as soon as the cherry and pear trees need all 
the room. Few persons are aware how much healthier and more 
productive fruit trees are which are allowed to grow low, and with 
unlimited expansion from the beginning. Therefore we warn 
against planting permanent trees too thickly, and against leaving 
short-lived trees, like the peach, too long in the way of the per- 
manencies. There are, however, some dry clay soils where the 
peach tree does not quickly become decrepit — as it is pretty sure 
to do in a light sand or rich loam — and there it may be well to 
allow it the necessary room for mature growth, independent of the 
