CHARACTERISTICS OF TREES. 
283 
persons with whose characters these traits har- 
monize. These observations refer to outlines 
only ; the expressions of trees produced by other 
traits often modify our preferences for trees of 
favorite forms, by presenting combinations of 
other kinds of beauty in trees of less interest- 
ing outlines. 
Fig. 65. 
Fig. 66, 
Round-Headed Trees. — By round-headed is 
meant simply a general effect of roundness, or of 
smoothness of outline in the several masses that 
compose the head of a tree. The young apple 
tree. Fig. 65, is a perfect type of this form, and 
may more specifically be called a globular tree, 
to distinguish the complete roundness of its 
form from those other round-headed trees which 
are more nearly hemispherical. 
Among round-headed trees the different forms 
of roundness are distinguished by more specific 
names. The sugar maple usually takes the form 
of an egg with the small end up, as shown in 
Fig. 66, and is therefore termed ovate. The 
hickory. Fig. 67, more nearly fills the geometric 
figure that we call oval. The elm. Fig. 68, fills 
one-half a semicircle or more, with its head, and 
is of a class of trees appropriately called um- 
hrella-topped ; — technically they are called oblate^ 
or flattened-oval. An old apple tree. Fig. 69, 
is a good example of this form, and Fig. 58, 
page 280, of a well grown sassafras, is another. 
The white oak. Fig. 70, the native chestnut 
{castanea)y and the hickories, all have outlines 
much broken, but the general effect is that of 
rounded forms. 
Many of the pines when grown to ma- 
turity become round-headed trees, though pyra- 
midal when young. 
Fig. 68. 
Fig. 69. 
