OF ORNAMENTAL ANNUALS. 
05 
CHAPTER XII. 
CISTACE^. 
Essential Character. — Calyx of five unequal sepals. Petals five. Stamens definite or indefinite, Lypogynous. Capsule 3 6-valved 
1 — 5-celUd, many-seeded. Placentas parietal. — [G. Don.) 
GENUS I. 
HELIANTHEMUM, Tourn. THE SUN-ROSE. 
Lin. St/St. POLYANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Oknkric Chiracter. — Caljx of three equal sepals or of five unequal sepals. Capsule triquetrous, l-celle'd, 3-valvcd, -vrith a narrow dissepiment 
or a placentarious nerve in the middle of eacli valve. — (G. Don.) 
].— HELIANTHEMUM GUTTATUM, Mill. THE SPOTTED SUN-ROSE. 
Synonymes. — Cistus guttatus, Lin. C. acuminatus, Viv. line,ir, 3-ncrved, villously-hairy, uppermost ones alternate. Racemet 
Engkavings — Eng. Bot. 544, 2nd edition, vol. v. t. 758 ; and | loose, bractless. Pedicels filiform, almost naked ; outer sejuils one 
omfig. 7, in Plate 15. half shorter than the inner ones. — (G. Don.) 
Specific Char«cter. — Rather hairy. Leaves opposite, sessile, oblong- | 
Description, &c. — A very pretty little flower, almost the only annual of all the extensive genus to which it 
belongs. There are several varieties of it, differing very little from each other. It is a native of Britain and 
the whole of Europe ; its seeds may be had in any seed-shop, and they may be sown in March or April. 
CHAPTER XIII. 
VIOLACE^. 
Essential Character. — Sepals 5, equal or unequal. Corolla spurred, 
of 5 petals, regular or irregular. Stamens 5, perigynous. Filaments 
drawn out eai^h into a scale beyond the anther; two of the filaments in 
irregular flowers are furnished with an append.'^e each, which aie 
drawn within the spur. Capsule one-celled, three-valved, many- 
seeded. Placentas three, parietal. — (G. Don.) 
GENUS I. 
VIOLA, Tourn. THE VIOLET. 
Lin. Sffsl. PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Character. — Calyx with unequal sepals, all drawn out at 
the base more or less into ear-lil<e appendages. Lower petal drawn 
out at the base into a hollow spur. Stamens appro.\imate, the two 
anterior anthers furnished with long awl-like appendages. Capsule 
triagonal. Valves opening with elasticity. — (G. Don.) 
1 —VIOLA TRICOLOR, Lin. THE THREE-COLOURED VIOLET, OR COMMON HEARTSEASE. 
{fig- 7), which are all old kinds, and to which may be added many 
others. The best new kinds in 1838, we are told by Mr. Hopgood, wero 
Victoria with a white ground ; Trafalgar straw colour and purple ; Venus 
fine eye; Chimpanzee fine purple; Gem; and Desdemona superb 
yellow. To these might be added many others, but as fresh ones are 
brought forward every season, it would be of little use to enumerate 
them. 
Specific Character. — Root somewhat fusiform. Stems branched, 
diffuse. Lower leaves ovate-cordate, deeply crenate. Stipules run. 
ciatcly-pinnatifid, with the middle lobe crenated. Petals incumbent, 
with short claws ; spur thick, obtuse, not stretched out ; noctariei 
short. Seeds oblong-ovate. — (G. Don.) 
Engravings — Eng. Bot. t. 1287, 2nd edit. vol. ii. i. 333; and our 
fios. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, in Plate 14. 
Varieties. — These are very numerous ; amounting indeed to above 
a thousand, most of which can scarcely be called varieties, as they are 
in fact hybrids between the annual species V. tricolor, and the perennial 
kinds V. grandiflora, V. altaica, V. amcena, &c. These hybrids part.ike 
in 80 much of the character of V. tricolor, that they will all blossom 
about two months after sowing their seed ; while they have so mucli of 
the perennial about them, that they may be propagated by cuttings, &c., 
and thus kept alive several years. Among the varieties now in cul- 
tivation are, Allen's John Bull {fig. 4), Allen's Minerva (fy. 5), 
Enterprise (Jig. 6), Fairburn's Anna Maria {Jig. 3), Brown's Tiger, 
Description, &e. — The flowers of the wild Heartsease consist of five petals ; the two upper of which are 
much larger than the lower ones, and of a different colour. The two upper petals are generally purple, and the 
