196 THE LADIES' FLOWER-GARDEN 
to eradicate it. The flowers are large, and of a golden yellow ; and the peduncles are naked, and thickened at 
the apex, like those of the African marigold. "When cultivated in a garden, the seed only requires to be sown in 
a dry sandy soil, in March or April. 
GENUS XXIV. 
DIMORPHOTHECA, Vaill THE CAPE MARIGOLD. 
Lin. Syst. SYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA. 
Generic Character. — Heads radiate. Flowers of the ray female, I Aclienia naked ; those of the ray obconical, somewhat triquetrous, xai 
ligulate ; those of the disk tubular, iiermauhrodite, centre ones abor- tuberculated ; those of the disk ilat and winged. 
tive. Involucrum in one scries. Receptacle flat, naked or paleaceous, i 
Description, &o. — The species now compc-iing this genus, w^ere at first supposed to belong to Calendula, 
the common Marigold ; but according to the new arrangement of the Compositae, they not only form a different 
genus, but are actually placed in another tribe : the Cape Marigolds being included in the Senecionideai, or 
radiate-flowered tribe, and the common Marigolds being placed in the Cynarece or artichoke-flowered tribe. 
].— DIMORPHOTHECA PLUVIALIS, Moench. THE GREAT CAPE MARIGOLD. 
Specific Character. — Stem branched, leafy. Leaves narrow, l«n- 
ceolate, toothed. Peduncles cylindrical. Fruit glabrous; outer ones 
tuberculated. 
Synonymes. — Calendula pluvialis, Linn. ; C. hybrida, Swt. ; 
C. scabra, and C. decurrens, Thunb, ; Meteorina gracilipes, Cass. 
Engravings. — Swt. Brit. Flow. Card. t. 39 ; and our Jig. 4 in 
Plate 31, under the name of Calendula pluvialis. 
Description, &c. — This very curious species has the florets of its ray of a pure white, shaded with a violet 
colour at the base, inside the flower- head, but of a dark purple on the outside. The flower closes in rainy weather, 
and hence the specific name pluvialis, which signifies showery ; it also closes at sunset, and, in fact, only opens 
to the sun-beams. It is one of those flowers, the footstalk of which stands erect while the flower is likewise 
expanded, but droops during the fading of the florets, though it again erects itself when the seeds are ripe. Tke 
name of Dimorphotheca is Greek, and signifies two forms in one sheath. 
This species is a native of the Cape of Good Hope, whence it was introduced before 1726, as in that year it 
was grown by Miller in the Chelsea Botanic Garden. There is a variety with lyrate leaves, and another with 
the backs of the ray florets of a dark brownish orange, instead of purple. The culture of this plant requires a 
little attention, as, though it is quite hardy, and does not succeed well if raised on a hot-bed, it is very liable to 
be injured by spring frosts. For this reason it should be sown in the open border, about the latter end of 
April or beginning of May ; only four or five seeds in a patch, or if to cover a bed, very sparingly, as it will not 
bear transplanting. It requires no other culture but watering and keeping it free from weeds ; and as it is of 
low growth, and covered with flowers, it is very suitable for filling a bed in a geometrical flower-garden, where 
it will form a white bed in sunshine, and a dark purple one in gloomy weather. 
2.— DIMORPHOTHECA HYBRIDA, Dec. THE HYBRID CAPE MARIGOLD. 
Sykonymes. — D. incrassata, Jlf<»»cA. ,• Meteorina crassipes, Cos*. ; I oblong, linear ; radical ones siuuated, caul me ones toothed. Pedun- 
Calendula hybrida, Linn. ' cles thickened at top. Fruit glabrous, toothed on the angles. 
Specific Character. — Stem branched, scabrous, leafy. Leaves 1 
Description, &c. — Closely resembling the preceding species ; but with rather smaller flowers, and differently 
shaped seeds. The .species figured under the name of Calendula hyhrida in Sweet, is, according to De Candolle, 
D. pluviali*. The culture is the same as that of the great Cape Marigold 
