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ANTHOZOA. 
The existing Anthozoa are constructed on one of two types ; 
they either have eight tentacles and no more, or, like the common 
Sea-Anemone, they have a number of tentacles. Where there are 
only eight tentacles, as in the noble red coral, each is fringed at its 
sides, or, in technical terms, is pinnate ; when the tentacles are 
numerous they are non-pinnate. A certain number of palaeozoic 
corals had a symmetry of four. We may therefore speak of Tetra- 
coralla, 1 Hexacoralla, 2 and Octocoralla. 3 
Both of the latter may have (i.) soft bodies without spicules, (ii.) 
horny axes (horny corals), (iii.) a continuous limestone skeleton 
(stony corals) ; the Alcyonaria may have scattered spicules. 
The Hexacoralla, or Zoantharia, commence at the eastern end of 
the Gallery, next the Hydrozoa ; the Octocoralla, or Alcyonaria, 
commence at the western end of the Gallery. 
The organisation of the Alcyonaria is illustrated by large 
diagrams ; the first, that of Monoxenici darwini , is very possibly only 
a larval stage of some Alcyonarian ; but it shows some of the 
essential characters of the group. These are a sac-like body, with 
an axial gastric cavity, giving off eight compartments, on the 
partition walls of which are developed the gonads or reproductive 
elements. 
The organism seldom remains single ; developing a stolon or 
creeping process, it gives rise to bud after bud, and so forms a 
colony, as in Glavularia (Figs. 1 and 2) or Alcyonium (Fig. 3), 
diagrams of which are shown. There are also some excellent water- 
colour sketches of Clavularians taken from life, and presented by 
Prof. Hickson, F.R.S. 
The creeping process or stolon is well seen in the small prepa- 
ration of the organ-pipe coral (Tubiporci) ; as shown in Fig. 4, this 
is seen to be a small flat plate, from which the tubes are beginning 
to rise up. 
1 Sive Kugosa. 2 Sive Zoantharia. 3 Sive Alcyonaria. 
F 2 
