Ch. 13 — Genetics and Society • 265 
additional areas. This would require that its 
term he e.xtended and that additional funds he 
appropriated. File Commission operated on $1.2 
million for 9 months of fiscal vear 1980 and $1.5 
million for fiscal year 1981. (a\ en the comple.xi- 
ty of the issues imolved. the adequacy of this 
le\ el of funding should he re\ iew ed if additional 
tasks are undei'taken. 
.-\ potential disad\ antage of using the existing 
Commission to address societal issues associated 
with genetic engineering is that a numher of 
issues alread\' exist and more are likely to ap- 
pear in the years ahead. \ et there are also other 
issues in medicine and biomedical and be- 
hax'ioral research not associated with genetic 
engineering that need review'. Whether all 
these issues can be addressed by one Commis- 
sion should be considered. There are obvious 
ad\ antages and disadvantages to tw'o Commis- 
sions, one for genetic engineering and one for 
other issues associated w'ith medicine and bio- 
medical and bebax’ioral research. Comments 
from the existing Commission would assist in 
reaching a decision on the most appropriate 
course of action. 
Bibliography: suggested further reading 
Dobzhanskv, Theodosiuni, Genetic Diversity and Hu- 
man Equality (\ew \brk: Basic Tools, 1973). 
.A discussion of conflicts between the findings 
of science and democratic social goals. Detailed 
coverage of the scientific basis for present de- 
bates about intelligence and the misconceptions 
often in\ oh ed in genetic \ . en\ ironmental deter- 
minants of certain human trails. 
Francoeur, Robert T., "We Can - We Must: Reflec- 
tions on the Technological Imperative," Theologi- 
cal Studies 33 (#3): 428-439, 1972. 
•Argues that man is a creator by virtue of his 
special position in nature, and that humans must 
participate in deciding the course of their evolu- 
tion. 
Goodfield, June, Playing God: Genetic Engineering and 
the Manipulation of Life (New York: Harper Col- 
ophon Books, 1977). 
Discusses the benefits, problems and potential 
of genetic engineering. Describes the moral 
dilemmas posed by the new technology. Suggests 
that the ‘social contract" between science and 
society is being "renegotiated. 
Harmon, W illis, An Incomplete Guide to the Future 
(New York: Simon and Schuster, 1976). 
Surveys how social attitudes and v'alues have 
changed throughout history and how they may 
be changing today. Argues that mankind is in the 
midst of a transition to new values that will affect 
our w orld view as profoundly as did the industri- 
al revolution in the 19th century. 
Holton, Gerald, and William A. Blanpeid (eds.). Sci- 
ence and Its Public: The Changing Relationship 
(Boston; D. Reidel, 1976). 
A collection of essays on the way science and 
the society of which it is a part interact, and how 
that interaction may be changing. 
Hutton, Richard, Bio-Revolution: DNA and the Ethics 
of Man-Made Life (New York: New American Li- 
brary (Mentor), 1978). 
Reviews the history of the debate about recom- 
binant DNA, discusses the scientific basis for the 
new technologies, and discusses the changing 
relationship between science and society. Sug- 
gests how the controversies might be resolved. 
Monod, Jacques, Chance and Necessity (New York: 
Alfred Knopf, 1971). 
A philosophical essay on biology. Two seem- 
ingly contradictory laws of science, the constan- 
cy of inheritance ("necessity”) and spontaneous 
mutation ("chance”) are compared with more 
vitalistic and deontological views of the universe. 
An affirmation of scientific knowledge as the on- 
ly "truth” available to man. 
Nichols, K. Guild, Technology on Trial: Public Participa- 
tion in Decision-Making Related to Science and 
Technology (Paris: Organization for Economic Co- 
operation and Development, 1971). 
Reviews mechanisms that have been used by 
countries in Europe and North America to settle 
disputes involving science and technology. 
