Appendix l-B— A Timetable for the Commercial Production of Compounds • 283 
Table 1 
B-18.— Steroid Hormones; Technical Information 
Compound 
Typical synthetic 
process 
Typical precursor 
Is precursor 
renewable/non- 
renewable 
limited 
Alternate 
precursor by 
fermentation 
Time to implement 
commercial fermentation by 
genetically engineered 
strain 
Corticoids 
Cortisone 
Prednisone .... 
Predisolone 
Aldosterone 
semisynthetic 
diosgenin or 
stigmasterol 
renewable 
glucose 
10 yrs. 
Androgens 
Testosterone . . 
semisynthetic 
chemical 
modification 
of cholesterol 
renewable 
glucose 
10 yrs. 
Estrogens 
Estradiol 
semisynthetic 
chemical 
modification of 
cholesterol 
renewable 
glucose 
10 yrs. 
SOURCE; Compiled by Cenex Corp. (rom data in references 4, 19, 20, 21, and 22. 
Table l-B-19.— Peptide Hormones; Market 
Information 
Current market data 
Market 
volume Bulk cost Market value 
Compound 1,0001b $/lb ($ millions) 
ACTHa n7a 5^6 
Bovine growth 
hormone 0.0 0.0 0.0 
Endorphins (Information not available) 
Enkephalins (Information not available) 
Glucagon (Information not available) 
Human growth 
hormone N/A N/A 75.0 
Insulin N/A N/A 183.1 
Ovine growth 
hormone 0.0 0.0 0.0 
Porcine growth 
hormone 0.0 0.0 0.0 
Vasopressin (Information not available) 
aAdrenocorticotropic hormone. 
SOURCE: Compiled by Cenex Corp. from data in reference 4. 
