THE CARIBOU 
while the nasal apertures are longer but not so wide. This giant deer bears 
the same relation to T. r. labradorensis that T. r. osborni does to T. r. montanus 
and might again be considered a branch race if others hold good, but at 
present I have no complete particulars of its range or body characters. My 
friend, the late Dr Hantsch, who spent a summer on the Chidley Peninsula, 
thought that this giant caribou was extinct, and although he saw several 
old skulls recently killed, he could not obtain any information from the 
Esquimaux of what had become of the main herd, or whether it was 
subject to periodical migrations as performed by those further to the 
south at Nain. He considered it to be a good sub-species and obtained 
one head there (of which I possess a photo) of which only the frontlet 
remained, but there is sufficient bone left to see that it belonged to this 
giant race. The example in question has double palmated brows, the only 
one I have seen from this district. In the Vienna Museum there is a 
magnificent specimen which I should attribute to this race, and Sir 
Edmund Loder has an example of 63 inches in length with the same skull 
and character of horns which probably owned North-Eastern Labrador 
as its home, though no particulars are known. 
Tarandus rangifer arcticus. This is the smallest as well as the most 
numerous of the North American reindeer. In size the typical form scarcely 
exceeds the Scandinavian reindeer and is very similar to it both in the 
colour of the body and the horn growth. A typical specimen, shot by 
Mr G. D. Melvill at Deans River, Great Bear Lake, in September, 1910, 
could easily be mistaken for a European reindeer, though slightly larger. 
There is a very well-marked and broad black flank stripe with a white line 
above it. The lower chest is black and belly as far as the penis brownish grey, 
with the area round and above the testes white. Neck and long throat hair, 
a small space between the horns, muzzle and chin, white. Horns similar 
to Saetersdal reindeer, being long, thin and without the forward hoop of 
the Labrador race. The largest specimen shot by Mr Melvill is 57| inches 
with twenty -four points, but this race does not as a rule carry fine horns 
with many points. 
The Arctic caribou of North Canada and Alaska ranges from the west 
sides of Hudson Bay at Fort Churchill, through Northern Keewatin, and 
in winter passes south to the north shore of Lake Athabasca and west to 
the Rockies above Fort Vermilion. It keeps on the eastern side of the 
main range of the Rockies and remains east and at some distance from 
Lake Finlayson and the Yukon, making its migration in a north-westerly 
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