3iK'| (3''^ DS'K.c i o i'} pjjrif aLc>niJC| ; 1^1 ^ XX A 1. 
TIIE'A v'^^A‘vT KOMS ANB ABEOAB 
jJi’CSfisiit sp'ecies sn^^y %r .h ' .=: i ■^^*f ?8h^d ■ at a fruixi tij<? 
'inaHsitd. A -at Hll imh; wing 9 ‘5 
tail S'4isKA€st t t 
£|t;.rrA;a.:5-.5-..-l'H ■ -c-rlwm «3*x?i^gli0Et the 
part 'Ol tr^e sioj;-A 
;a-' •w'it.i-f,.,, .gi.e I 
SUy^*'dt>' > ^ as- f-^y fk’i/Ytk &■’ 
,v;. i Vi'* ■■ ^ , 
tim -ylh •- ■v'-- 
Afailk ls«^?^ 5 ^e V- ':>■!;■ ft;v:afv^ j;' 
(M& Mpm. 
Mi tbe C 
:tc f r. 
fea't 4’;v*fo '^'i-t extend into t&e A-''.r.tk'^ ■ 
t:i tc?%l;:iad, and m Europt;; A-iita 
kixssia(sxteB.4lK^s accord 
d*:. rtixis- in suitable locali rkj^;-^," 
Saa, Ivi A-sia it extends s^A 
■ .%. mlmr? 60° K, latlmde tv '1#| 
V :^ii A' -th Tnrkestan, In witaa. • A 
•' ■ ^' '^-vc:;;-tr: , i rdand waters of North aA ^ 
'A-seb; Abys^smia., From 'Octohc-r fe|| 
•V ai r'al decks in Nuith India » but is less sttdc 
m Hurtb, America it is generally dIstrife 
•r the Northern United States, and wtiitfr 
«-,«v..--Nr »•'' • -• ••« ••- - .. . 
the Soiiihern States, 'Mexico and the West ladies,. 
Disinkiiim m tke British hks-^Though a somewhat scarce 
visitor to the British Isles, the gadwall is resident in some parts, bmi4i‘ "" 
SB cons! jderable nussibers in Norfolk and. Suffolk, and of late years to ;. 
localities In the south of Scotland, The nesting of this species in Non 
o.>mmeoced in the middle of last century, when a pair of pinioned y ‘H 
w.vAi,|^- iBilured wild birds to remain and breed. Though a comparak 
scai -cv' and umientit visitor - in most other parts, it is toU.. 
" ‘ " c-ry in the said to he abimdant In iiree» Ifu 
. pf a.ncf.>mrno!.t ui the east. In it^ 
' i A f'K'chitbA' more numerous 
the inahard;' the 
cream -colour to 
lliey are laid in I 
. e r- 
green, aad TdA k "B 
June, 
l'1ie gadwal! is eh.k'2y a largely oa grai'f^ 
vegetahle matter; its liesh ft prsA*"' Aalees 
^A:^crd plenty ol i^overt, and av=i^^ ICsis liabits Is olteu 
looked 
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