WILD FOWL 
GARGANEY 
QUERQUEDULA QUERQUEDULA 
(Plate XXVIII, Fig. 10) 
Querquedula circia, Gould, Birds Europe, v, pi. 364 (1837) ; Dresser, Birds Europe, vi, 
p. 513, pi. 427 (1871) ; Hume & Marshall, Game Birds Ind., iii, p. 215, pi. 28 (1880) ; Salva- 
dori. Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., xxvii, p. 293 (1895) ; Saunders, III. Man. Brit. Birds, p. 435 
(1899) ; Millais, Surface-feeding Ducks, p. 71, pis. xxix-xxx (1902). 
Anas circia, Lilford, Col. Fig. Brit. Birds, part xiii, pi. (1890). 
DULT male. — Crown and occiput brownish -black, with dis- 
tinct white shaft-stripes on the forehead, bordered on 
/ each side by a broad white band commencing in front 
/ of the eye and uniting on the occiput; chin and middle 
i of the throat dull black; sides of the head and rest of 
the neck dull rufous -brown, finely streaked with white; 
mantle and upper tail -coverts black, barred with concentric lines or bars of 
rufous-buff; back and rump blackish, edged with greyish -olive; longer 
scapulars black glossed with dull green, with white shaft -streaks and 
pale grey inner webs; chest and breast barred with buff and black like 
the mantle; sides and flanks white, narrowly barred with black, and the 
longer feathers tipped with grey; belly white, freckled with blackish; 
under tail -coverts white, spotted with brown; primaries and their coverts 
dark brown, the latter whitish-grey on the outer web; lesser and median 
wing-coverts brownish -grey; greater secondary coverts brown, widely 
tipped with white; outer secondaries brown glossed with dull green, 
widely tipped with white, forming a distinct speculum; long inner secon- 
daries brown, axillaries pure white. Iris hazel; bill black; legs, toes and 
membranes greyish-brown. Total length about 14 5 inches; bill 1 6 inch; 
wing 7 '5 inches; tail 2 ‘7 inches; tarsus 1 ‘2 inch. 
Adult male in eclipse-plumage . — Similar to the adult female, but easily dis- 
tinguished by the rich green speculum and blue-grey wing-coverts. 
Adult female . — ^Upperparts dark brown, the feathers with pale edges; 
sides of the head and neck nearly white, streaked with dark brown, most 
dense behind the eye, where they form a dusky stripe; post superciliary 
streak, lores, chin and throat mostly pure white; underparts pure 
white, with brownish middles to the feathers, giving a mottled appearance 
most conspicuous on the chest, sides and belly; wings much as in the 
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