■9 
CHRYSOMELID.E. 
and tapering at the apex. All these structures are not as a rule 
found in the Chrysomelidce. 
In the larval state these insects are always found on or within 
plants, generally crawling on leaves or stems ; this distinguishes 
them conspicuously from the larvae of the Longicornia. In shape 
the larvae are either elongate and subcylindrieal or short and 
convex. The larvae of the lJonaciince live below the water on stems 
of water-plants ; they are elongate in shape and have two spines 
at the end of the body which they insert into the plants, sucking 
the air out of the latter with the help of a large opening (stigma) 
situated at the base of each spine (Dewitz, Berlin. Zeitsch. 1888, 
p. 5). 
Many of the larvae of the other tribes construct a covering of 
their excreta, carrying it about with them and undergoing their 
metamorphosis within it ( Ccimptosomes ). Others construct a 
cocoon within the widenings of the stems ( Sagrince ). Of the 
majority of species inhabiting the tropics the larvae are not 
known. 
The family Chrysomelidce like the Curculionidce or Weevils 
comprises a vast number of species, but in the teeming vegetation 
of the tropics their depredations, though great, do not prominently 
attract the notice of travellers. I am informed however, that they 
can be exceedingly destructive to plantations of young trees. In the 
temperate regions a few genera are injurious to certain agricultural 
products and the same may be said of some species in tropical 
parts where cultivated plants are concerned. 
The sexes are not always easy to distinguish but in many 
genera the males have dilated anterior tarsi or longer hind femora. 
In others the head has curious excavations or projections and the 
antennae have differently constructed joints. In the Camptosomes 
the female has a more or less deep excavation on the last 
abdominal segment. In a few genera of true Chrysomela the 
young caterpillars are hatched almost at the moment that the 
female deposits the eggs. 
Chapuis (Gen. des Coleopt. x, 1S74, p. 23) arranged the 
Chrysomelidce under four great divisions : — 
i. Eupodes in three subfamilies : Sagrince , Donaciince , and 
Criocerince. 
ii. Camptosomes in six subfamilies: Megascelince *, Megalopince , 
Clytrince, Cryptocephalince, Chlamyclince, and Sphcerocharince *. 
iii. Cyclica in four subfamilies : Lamprosomince, JEumolpince, 
Chrysomelince, and Galerucince. 
iv. Cryptostomes in two subfamilies : Hispince and Cassidincc. 
As will be seen from the subjoined key an arrangement in five 
divisions is adopted here, the Galerucince being separated from 
the Cyclica to form a fifth division Tricitostomes in two groups : 
Galerucince and Halticince. 
* Not known from Iudia. 
