150 
POPULAR FLORA. 
* * Leaflets 3 or 5, white-downy beneath : flowers small : petals white, erect. 
3. Garden Raspberry. Stems with some slender hooked prickles as well as bristles ; petals shorter 
than the calyx; fruit red, &c., the grains minutely downy. Cult. R. Idcens.' : 
4. Wild Red R. Stems very bristly ; petals as long as the calyx ; fruit pale red, very tender. Very 
common N. R. strigosus. 
5. Black R. (or Thimbleberry). Plant glaucous all over; the long recurved stems and stalks 
beset with hooked prickles ; fruit dark purple. Borders of woods and fields. R. occidentals. 
§ 2. BLACKBERRY. Fruit of large grains, remaining on the juicy receptacle, black or dark purple 
when ripe: petals white, spreading; leaflets 3 or 5. 
6. High Blackberry or Bramble. Stems mostly erect, angular, bearing stout curved prickles; 
young shoots hairy and glandular; leaflets ovate or oblong, pointed, downy underneath and prickly 
on the midrib ; flowers large, in racemes ; fruit large, sweet. R. villbsus. 
7. Low B. (or Dewberry). Stems long, trailing; leaves smaller and nearly smooth; flowers fewer, 
and the large sweet fruit ripe earlier than in the last. Sterile or rocky ground. R. Canadensis. 
8. Sand B. Stems low, but erect, with stout hooked prickles ; leaflets wedge-obovate, whitish- woolly 
beneath; fruit sweet. Sandy soil. New Jersey & S. R. cuneifolius. 
9. Running Swamp-B. Stems slender, creeping, hooked-prickly; leaves nearly evergreen, shining, 
obovate; flowers small; fruit of few grains, reddish until ripe, sour. Wet woods, N. R. liispidus. 
Rose. Rosa . 
Calyx with an urn-shaped hollow tube (Fig. 360), bearing 5 leafy lobes at the top, 5 petals and 
many stamens, and within enclosing many pistils attached to its walls. The ovaries ripen into bony 
and hairy akenes, and the calyx makes a fleshy or pulpy, red and berry-like fruit (hip). — Shrubs, with 
pinnate leaves of 3 to 9 leaflets. (Stigmas just rising to the mouth of the calyx, except in No. 1.) 
* Wild Roses. But No. 1 is cultivated, especially in double-flowered varieties, and the Sweet-Brier, 
which came from Europe, is also kept in gardens, for its sweet-scented leaves. Flowers in all 
bright rose-color. 
1. Prairie Rose. Stems climbing high, prickly; leaflets 3 or 5, large; petals deep rose-color turning 
pale ; styles cohering together, and projecting out of the tube of the calyx ; flowers in corymbs, 
scentless, in summer. Edges of prairies and thickets; W. and cult. R. setigera. 
2. Sweet-Brier R. (or Eglantine). Stems climbing, and with stout hooked prickles; leaflets 5 or 
7, roundish, downy and bearing russet fragrant glands beneath; hip pear-shaped. Road-sides, 
gardens, &c. R. rubiginosa. 
3. Swamp R. Stems erect, 4° to 7° high, with hooked prickles; leaflets dull, 5 to 9; flowers m 
corymbs ; hips rather bristly, broader than long. R. Carolina. 
4. Low Wild R. Stems 1° to 3° high, with mostly straight prickles; leaves smooth and commonly 
shining; flowers single or 2 to 3 together; hips as in the last. Common. R. liicida. 
5. Bland R. Low, pale or glaucous, with few or no prickles ; calyx and globular hips very smooth. 
Rocks: flowering early in summer. N. R. blanda. 
* * Cultivated species are very numerous and much mixed. The commonest are: — 
Cinnamon Rose, R. cinnamomea. Damask R., R. Damascena. 
Scotch or Burnet R., R. spinosissima. Cabbage or Hundred-leaved R., R. centifolia. 
