12 
Psyche 
[March 
D0RYL1NAE 
other LEPTAN1LL1NAE 
advanced (f rom 2 -4 unknown 
PONERINAE ponerlne stocks') 
Figure 4. Hypothetical cladogram of the subfamilies of ants (Formi- 
cidae), based on all available evidence including the analysis of Sphe- 
comyrma. 
be parasitoids of tiger beetle larvae (Clausen, 1940: 298). There 
is now a greater need than ever to discover and to study in detail 
aculeate wasps of Cretaceous age. 
The relationship of Sphecomyrma freyi to the other ants is clearer. 
The body of Sphecomyrma resembles that of the primitive myrmecioid 
ants, notably the living Nothomyrmecia macrops of Australia, which 
we regard as the most generalized member of the primitive subfamily 
Myrmeciinae (Brown and Wilson, 1958), and the Eocene genera 
of Aneuretini, which are the undoubted ancestors of the other 
Dolichoderinae (Wilson et al, 1956). Previously we had considered 
that the Aneuretini might have been derived from the Myrmeciinae, 
because we considered the long mandibles of the Myrmeciinae as 
primitive and the short mandibles of the Aneuretini as derived. Now 
the discovery of short, wasp-like mandibles in Sphecomyrma has in- 
validated this postulate. 
In Sphecomyrma, then, we have what appears to be a good link 
between aculeate wasps and the myrmecioid complex of subfamilies, 
