1967] 
Carpenter — Cretaceous Insects 
275 
Fatjanopteridae, from the Upper Carboniferous of USSR (Marty- 
nova, 1961). Neither of these families, each represented by a single 
species, seems to me to show in the wings the basic characteristics 
of the Raphidiodea. It is possible, of course, that like the Sojan- 
oraphidiidae they could represent other radiating lines in the late 
Paleozoic, but they could equally well represent separate orders or 
suborders within the neuropteroid complex or, even, be members of 
the exopterygote series of insects. Until we know more of the wings 
and body structures of these insects, I consider their position un- 
certain even at the ordinal level. 
References 
Carpenter, F. M. 
1936. Revision of the Nearctic Raphidiodea (Recent and Fossil). Proc. 
Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci., 71 : 89-157. 
1956. The Baltic Amber Snake-flies. (Neuroptera). Psyche, 63: 77-81. 
1958. Mexican Snake-flies (Neuroptera: Raphidiodea). Psyche, 65: 
52-58. 
Martynov, A. V. 
1925a. [Contributions] to the knowledge of fossil insects from Jurassic 
beds in Turkestan. 1. Raphidioptera. Bull. Acad. Sci. Russ. 19: 
233-246. 
1925b. [Contributions] to the knowledge of fossil insects from Jurassic 
beds in Turkestan. 2. Raphidioptera (continued), Orthoptera 
(s. 1.), Odonata, Neuroptera. ibid, 19: 569-598. 
Martynova, O. M. 
1947. Two New Raphidioptera from Jurassic Shales of Karatau. Dokl. 
Akad. Nauk. SSSR. 56(6): 635-637. 
1952. Permian Neuroptera of the SSSR. Trudy Paleont. Inst. Akad. 
Nauk. SSSR. 40: 197-238. 
1960. Die Kamelhalsfliegen aus dem Perm und Karbon. 11th Inter. 
Congr. Ent., Wien, 1 : 302-304. 
1961. Recent and Fossil Snakeflies. Paleont. Journ. 3: 73-83. 
1962. Raphidioptera, in Osnovy (B. B. Rohdendorf and others), In- 
secta ; pp. 270-272. 
