1967] 
Emerson — Cretaceous Insects 
281 
of the forewing is longer in all species of Stolotermes except S. 
africanus Emerson in which it may be slightly shorter than in Creta- 
termes carpenteri ; Sc is short; Ri is present and is occasionally 
branched ; R 2 and R 3 are absent ; Rs is gradually wider in the area 
occupied from the humeral suture to the outer portion of the wing, 
but is not so proportionately wide as in Cretatermes (figs. 1, 2) ; 
the superior branches of Rs are closer to each other with less width 
between them than in Cretatermes ; Rs may have from 0-2 weaker 
inferior branches reaching the inner margin near the tip; M is long, 
not quite reaching the tip of the wing but with the lower branches 
reaching the inner margin about 1/3-3/5 the length of the inner 
margin from the suture; the first branch of M may be close to the 
suture as in Cretatermes ; M is usually weaker than Rs and is usually 
closer to Cu than to Rs; Cu is usually short with 3-7 branches 
close together, the longest branch reaching the inner margin from 
1/6 to nearly 1/2 the length of the wing (differs among species). 
The arolium is absent in the Stolotermitinae, Porotermitinae, and 
some Hodotermitinae and is present in the Termopsinae and some 
Hodotermitinae. 
The major distinctions between the forewings of Stolotermes and 
Cretatermes are the shape and position of the humeral suture and the 
width of the area occupied by Rs and its superior branches about 3/4 
the length of the wing from the base. 
It is the opinion of the author that the forewing of Cretatermes 
is closer in more characters to the forewing of various species of 
Stolotermes than to other subfamilies, and resembles Porotermes next 
most closely. However, the resemblances and differences of a single 
forewing are insufficient to warrant any firm conclusion concerning 
the phylogenetic relationship between the Cretatermitinae and either 
the Stolotermitinae or the Porotermitinae other than to state that 
Cretatermes is advanced in its small size, the shape and position of 
the humeral suture, and in the relatively large spaces between the 
reticular thickenings of the wing membrane. 
PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE SUBFAMILIES 
OF THE HODOTERMITIDAE 
There would seem to be little doubt that the more primitive genera 
( Termopsis , Archotennopsis) of the Termopsinae are the most 
primitive members of the Hodotermitidae, and in several particulars 
are the most primitive known termites (Emerson, 1933). 
Recently (Emerson, in press) a redescription of the fossil genus 
Ulmeriella of the Hodotermitinae indicates that it is related to but 
