1985] 
Cokendolpher & Francke — Fire ants 
101 
Clusters, R., 1977. Social homeostasis in colonies of Formica poly ctena Foerst. 
(Hymenoptera, Formicidae): Nestform and temperature preferences. Proc. 
Eighth Internat. Cong. Internat. Union Stud. Social Insects, Wageningen, 
Netherlands Sept. 5 10, 1977, pp. 111-1 12. 
Dkai., J., 1941 . The temperature preferendum of certain insects. J. Animal Ecol., 
10:323 356. 
Ferguson, D. E., and J. D. Land, 1961 . Some temperature studies on the beetle, 
PopiUus disjunctus. Ecology, 42 ( 1 ): 195-197. 
Fraenkel, G. S., and D. L. Gunn, 1961. The orientation of animals: Kineses, 
taxes and compass reactions. Dover Publ., Inc. New York, x+376 pp. 
Franc ke, O. F., J. C. Cokendolpher, A. H. Horton, S. A. Phillips, Jr., and L. R. 
Potts, 1983. Distribution of fire ants in Texas. Southwest. Entomol., 8: 
32 41. 
Gt inn, D. L. and C. A. Cosway, 1938. The temperature and humidity relations 
of the cockroach. IV. Preferred temperature at different absolute humidities. J. 
Exper. Biol., 15: 559-563. 
Heinric h, B., editor, 1981. Insect Thermoregulation. John Wiley & Sons, New 
York, 328 pp. 
Helwig, J. T., and K. A. Counc il, editors, 1979. SAS User’s Guide, 1979 edi- 
tion. Statistical Analysis System Institute Inc., Cary, North Carolina, 494 pp. 
Henson, W. R., 1960. The effect of aggregation on the behavior of a beetle 
( Conophthorus coniperda Sz.) in a temperature gradient. Yale J. Biol. Medicine, 
33: 128-132. 
Madge, D. S., 1961. “Preferred Temperatures” of land arthropods. Nature, 190: 
106-107. 
Madge, D. S., 1965. The behavior of Belha geniculosa Oudms. and certain other 
species of oribatid mites in controlled temperature gradients. Acarologia, 7: 
389-406. 
Mori, H., 1961 . Comparative studies of thermal reaction in four species of spider 
mites (Acarina: Tetranychidae). J. Faculty Agricul. Hokkaido Univ., 51(3): 
574-591. 
Potts, L. P., O. F. Franc ke and J. C. Cokendolpher, 1984. Humidity preferences 
of four species of fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Solenopsis). Insectes 
Sociaux. 31: 335-340. 
Protomastro, J. J., 1973. Relaci6n entre el comportamiento de crianza y un 
ritmo diario de preferencia termica en la hormiga Camponotus mus Roger. Phy- 
sis. Sec. C, 3: 123-128. 
Seeley, T. and B. Heinric h, 1981. Regulation of temperature in the nests of 
social insects. Pp. 159-234. In Insect Thermoregulation (B. Heinrich, editor). 
John Wiley & Sons, New York, 328 pp. 
Siegel, S., 1956. Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences. McGraw- 
Hill Book Company, Inc., New York, 312 pp. 
Singh, P., M. T. Me Ellistrem, and J. G. Rodriguez, 1967. The response of 
some macrochelids to temperature and humidity (Acarina: Macrochelidae). Aca- 
rologia, 9: 119. 
