NYMPHALIS VAU-ALBUM (SCHIFFERMULLER & 
DENIS), A HOLARCTIC SPECIES 
(LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPH ALIDAE ) 1 
By Nicholas W. Gillham 
Biological Laboratories, Harvard University 
The purpose of this paper is to show that Nymphalis 
j-album (Boisduval), long considered a distinct species 
by North American workers, really represents the Nearctic 
populations of a Holarctic species correctly designated as 
Nymphalis vau-album (Schiffermuller and Denis). 
Nymphalis vau-album (Schiffermuller & Denis) 
Papilio vau-album Schiffermuller & Denis, 1775. Ankiin- 
dung syst. werkes sehmetterlinge Wiener gegend, p. 
176; sex not specified. Type locality: “Wiener gegend”. 
Papilio N. [ymphalis] Ph.[aleratus ] L album Esper, 1781. 
Die sehmetterlinge in abbildungen nach der natur be- 
schreibungen, 1 (Bd. 2) : 69, pi. 62, contin. 12, figs. 
3a & 3b; sex not specified. Type locality: Hungary and 
Austria. 
V[anessa] j-album Boisduval & Leconte, 1833. Histoire 
general et iconographie Lepidopteres Amerique septen- 
trionale, 1:185, pi. 50, figs. 1 & 2; sex not specified. 
Type locality: environs of New York, Philadelphia, and 
New Harmony, Indiana. New Synonymy. 
Vanessa pocahontas Scudder, 1889. The butterflies of the 
eastern United States and Canada with special reference 
to New England, 1:379; proposed in synonymy with- 
out description, sex not specified. 
Vanessa L. album samurai Fruhstorfer, 1907. Societas 
Entomologica, 22:60; 2$ $, & 4 $ $ . Type locality: 
Hondo, Japan. New Synonymy. 
Aglais j-album watsoni Hall, 1924. Jour. N. Y. Ent. Soc., 
Published with a grant from the Museum of Comparative Zoology 
at Harvard College. 
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