1956] 
Gillham — Nymphalis vau-album 
29 
distinctions are very minor and do not hold up when 
series are examined. 
In the Old World this species ranges from southeastern 
Europe eastwards across Asia to Kamtchatka, Korea, and 
Japan. From there it ranges south to Assam and Kashmir. 
It is found over most of North America from Alaska and 
Labrador south to West Virginia and Utah (Gertsch, pers. 
commun .) . 
Literature Cited 
Grey, L. P., Klots, A. B., and C. F. dos Passos. 
1952. The “ niobe / cydippe / adippe” Problem (Class Insecta, Order 
Lepidoptera, Family Nymphalidae) with suggestions for its Solu- 
tion. Bull. Zool. Nomen., 6:322-336. 
Stichel, H. 
1909. Genus Polygonia Hon. In Seitz, A., The Macrolepidoptera of 
the World, Stuttgart. 1 (the Palearctic Butterflies) :206-207 
