1956] 
Christiansen — Collemhola 
123 
and 4.) Central European. In addition to these there are 
a number of forms of dubious zoogeographical associa- 
tions. There are a large number of species (as far as is 
now known) limited to the area. It is no surprise that 
the great majority of this last group occurs in the relatively 
untouched forest areas and deep valley mesophytic regions, 
while the lowland farm areas show a great preponderance 
of widespread forms. Determining which forms are in- 
digenous and which have been introduced is made utterly 
impossible by the antiquity of commerce and agriculture 
in the area, as well as our lack of knowledge concerning 
distribution mechanisms in Collembola. 
Systematic Portion 
Four species of the family Onychiuridae have been 
previously reported from the region. These are : Ony- 
chiurus fimetarius, O. armatus, O. octopunctatus, and 
Metaphorura bipartita. In the present paper two of the 
above are again recorded and six additional species are 
found : Stenaphorura quadrispina , Onychiurus ambulans, 
and four new species of Onychiurus . 
Onychiurus levantinus n. sp. 
Plate 7, Figures 5-8 
Description of holotype (female) : Color white; body 
elongate sub-cylindrical with sixth segment strikingly smal- 
ler than remainder ; antennae with line between third 
and fourth segments indistinct; sensory organ of third 
antennal segment with five protective papillae, a pair of 
slightly curved rods and a pair of knob-covered oval 
organs; p.a.o. of 35 closely packed simple lobes in the 
form of a narrow ellipse; integument uniformly granulate, 
only slightly coarser on dorsal surface of head than re- 
mainder of body. 
Following the chaetotaxy system developed by Gisin 
(1952), the holotype has the following formulae: 1st 
thoracic segment: i3m; abdominal segment two: M ss ‘m\* 
abdominal segment five: M ss 'm. The relationship be- 
tween setae M and s of abdominal segment five is 19/12 
