348 Messrs Coldstream and Foggo’s Meteorological 
ric variations, and which, except they who have by far the best opportunities 
for observation correct them, will never be investigated by philosophers. 
During the last three months of the year 1824, the weather was particu- 
larly stormy ; a very large quantity of rain fell, and the winds were unusually 
boisterous ; but the commencement of 1825 ushered in a new state of things; 
the violence of the winds gradually abated ; the pressure, which, during the 
preceding months, had been very low, increased rapidly, and rose unprecedent- 
edly high ; and the temperature was much elevated for the season : it rained 
during January on 11 days. February was a very pleasant month, mild and 
dry ; pressure remarkably steady for the season, and gradual in its variations. 
No storms of wind occurred. Only 0.8 of an inch of rain fell ; and the frosts, 
even in upland districts, were so slight, as scarcely to prevent the plough con- 
tinuing its progress, except for a day or two. On the 26th, in the south of 
Scotland, there was a slight fall of snow, and another on the 28th. March was 
remarkable on account of the long period of dry weather which occurred. 
During the whole month, only 0.2 of an inch of rain fell : the pressure was 
very steady, and high. Temperature about the usual mean. The sun’s rays 
were sometimes very powerful: their maximum effect observed was 58°, 5, 
which is very high for the season. Mr Daniell, in the course of three years’ 
observations, never saw the force of solar radiation exceed 49° in March. About 
the beginning of the month, there was a little snow, which lay fo~ a few days 
on the hills, but quickly vanished from the low grounds. 
In April, there were only 6 wet days, and only 0.2 of an inch of rain, so 
that the ground got quite dry, the effect of the excessive rains in 1824 being 
completely annihilated. West winds prevailed during the first 20 days, and 
east during the remainder of the month. “ Owing to this very favourable 
weather, there was more than the usual proportion of spring wheat sown. All 
the grain crops were in the ground before May, and they never got a drier 
bed. A more favourable lambing season could not have been wished for.” 
In the beginning of May, vegetation was far advanced : in many parts of 
Scotland it was said to be 15 or 20 days earlier than usual. The distinguish- 
ing character of the month was the prevalence of easterly winds, these having 
blown rather strongly for 22 days. A little rain fell during the first week, 
but none again till the 25th. On the 28th, all the neighbouring hills were co- 
vered with snow : about 0.40 of an inch of rain had fallen the day before on the 
low lands. 
The weather during June was variable : the sky was frequently obscured 
by dense clouds. Temperature and pressure moderate ; winds variable. The 
seasonable intervals of bright sunshine, and the genial moisture, raised a most 
luxuriant growth of every kind of farm crop, and gave to the horticulturist 
the brightest prospects of a well stocked orchard. 
July was particularly characterised by the prevalence of unusually high 
temperatures, and a long continuance of dry weather. On the 1st, 10th and 
15th, heavy rain fell, but none during the rest of the month. The winds were 
variable, both in direction and strength. It was after the 15th that the tem- 
perature began to be oppressive. Here, the thermometer was not observed 
above 81° in the shade ; but in many inland situations it was seen above 85®. 
It is certain, at least, that, throughout the whole of Scotland, the mean tem- 
perature of the atmosphere was for several days above 70°, a degree of heat 
