242 Psyche [Vol. 93 
Table 4. F-statistics and heterogeneity chi-square values for four subspecies of N. 
tellkampfi. 
Fit 
F,s 
f st 
X 2 
SUBSPECIES 
ALP LOCUS 
henroti 
-0.007 
-0.013 
0.006 
0.510ns 
meridionalis 
0.098 
0.083 
0.016 
1.690ns 
tellkampfi 
0.217 
0.150 
0.080 
16.416* 
viator 
-0.183 
-0.201 
0.015 
1.291ns 
GPT-1 LOCUS 
henroti 
-0.166 
-0.207 
0.034 
5.613ns 
meridonalis 
-0.004 
-0.154 
0.130 
12.145*** 
tellkampfi 
-0.083 
-0.157 
0.064 
13.810ns 
viator 
0.193 
0.105 
0.098 
12.465*** 
MDH-2 LOCUS 
henroti 
-0.007 
-0.089 
0.006 
1.958ns 
meridionalis 
-0.055 
-0.100 
0.042 
4.549ns 
tellkampfi 
0.209 
0.176 
0.041 
17.605* 
viator 
-0.034 
-0.058 
0.022 
2.539ns 
ns = P > 0.05; * = P < 0.05; *** = P > 0.005 
F it = correlation between uniting gametes relative to the gametes of the total 
population 
F, s — average correlation over subdivisions of uniting gametes relative to those of 
their own subdivision 
F st = correlation of random gametes within subdivisions relative to gametes of the 
total population 
Slatkin (1981) has proposed a method to estimate overall gene 
flow in natural populations in a qualitative manner from gene fre- 
quency data. Using computer simulation, Slatkin (1981) has demon- 
strated a dependence between gene flow and the conditional average 
frequency of an allele, p(i) where: 
d = number of demes sampled 
i = number of demes in which the allele occurs 
p = average frequency of the alleles in those demes 
Caccone (1985) used Slatkin’s technique to assess gene flow in 
several species of cave animals, based on her own data for H. sub - 
terraneus, the data of Laing et al. (1976) for the scavenger beetle 
Ptomaphagus hirtus and Turanchik and Kane’s (1979) data for the 
