1927 ] 
The Slave Raids of Harpagoxenus americanus 
23 
food from their slaves. The Leptothorax workers spent much 
time diligently licking their lethargic masters. 
No. 3 can hardly be considered a mixed colony, for as such I 
designate the L. curvispinosus nest attacked by the four Harpa- 
goxenus raiders. It was found Aug. 20th, and is included here 
for the sake of clarity. 
No. 4 was taken on Aug. 24th. It was located under a small 
flake of stone on the top of a boulder about eight meters from 
the spot where No. 3 was discovered. It contained a normal, 
dealated Harpagoxenus queen, 11 Harpagoxenus workers, 113 
L. longispinosus workers and a fair amount of brood. I feel sure 
that the raiders found in No. 3 came from this nest, but ex- 
periments to prove this, while not invalidating the opinion, gave 
inconclusive results. Six Harpagoxenus males were produced in 
this colony after its transfer to an artificial nest. These are so 
different from the insect figured by Alderz (’96) as the male of H. 
subleevis that, were it not for his statement that he observed 
Harpagoxenus males in copulation with ergatoid females, it would 
seem likely that he had described aberrant males of Leptothorax. 
A figure of a Harpagoxenus male, together with a description is 
given at the end of this paper. 
No. 5 was found on Aug. 30th., in dry, fairly open woods. 
The colony was under a flake of stone on the top of a boulder. 
Not wishing to disturb it I removed the covering stone only long 
enough to make certain of the presence of the Harpagoxenus 
queen, and to count the Harpagoxenus workers, of which there 
were twelve. I did not atetmpt to count the longispinosus slaves 
but would estimate that there were about a hundred. 
No. 6, a small queenless colony was also found on Aug. 30th., 
about fifteen meters from No. 5. It consisted of two Harpago- 
xenus workers, ten L. longispinosus workers and a small brood 
of a dozen or more larvae. When the stone covering the nest was 
removed both the Harpagoxenus and the longispinosus seized the 
larvae and attempted to move them out of danger. I am of the 
opinion that this nest represents a L. longispinosus colony “dis- 
possessed” by raiders from No. 5, who for some reason were 
unable to return to their own nest. 
No. 7 was found on Sept. 3rd., about seventy-five meters 
