40 Capt. J. Franklin on the Geographical Positions 
moon, and by lunar distances ; and as the result of these obser- 
vatons corresponded closely with that obtained by triangulation, 
it follows of course, that the relative positions of all the places 
(having been determined by the same series of triangles) are in 
perfect coincidence with those of the chief points, and I have 
therefore thought it more practically useful to take the results 
of the protraction in preference to the approximations. 
Having spoken of the survey, of which these observations 
formed a part, perhaps it will be necessary to offer a brief 
summary of its progress ; but it would be foreign to the de- 
sign of this paper, to enter into any very lengthened detail 
of the operations. I shall therefore merely observe, that its 
character consisted in the extension of an uninterrupted se- 
ries of primary and secondary triangulation, commencing from 
a base line of 11 miles 5 furlongs and 218 yards in extent, 
which was measured with the greatest care and precision, and 
reduced to the level of the sea ; and terminating with a base 
of verification of 9 miles 2 furlongs and 210 yards, measured 
with the same scrupulous exactness. Intermediately, as op- 
portunities offered, base lines of smaller extent were measured 
for the purpose of probation, or for the detection and correction 
of incipient error, . and, in this manner, aided by daily astro- 
nomical observations, a complete series of triangles was con- 
ducted from 81° 26' 45" E. Long, and 25° 8' 30" N. Lat., to 
77° 51' 25" E. Long, and 25° 39' 5" N. Lat , including in depth 
the parallels of 24° 5' 0" and 26° 38' 0", and comprising an area 
of 18,000 square miles. 
The secondary triangulation formed the net-work of the above 
process, and was necessarily connected with, and dependent 
upon, the points established by the primary triangles. With 
this series the astronomical observations are more immediately 
connected, and the geographical positions of the places con- 
tained in the table are doubtless as accurate as the positions of 
the points from whence they were determined ; for the sides of 
these secondary triangles were regulated so as to enable the sur- 
veyor to have a perfect view of the area, and whilst nothing 
could escape observation, every object was within the capacity 
of the angles which determined its position. 
The instruments used on the occasion consisted of a theodo- 
lite graduated to 10', with a Vernier shewing 10" ; two sex- 
