350 Messrs Burstall and Hill's Steam Carriage. 
B, is the chimney, arising from the centre flue. D, D, are 
the two cylinders, which are fitted up with pistons and valves 
or corks in the usual way, for the alternate action of steam 
above and below the pistons. The boiler being suspended on 
springs, d, the steam is conveyed from it to the engines through 
the helical pipe e , which has that form given to it, to allow the 
vibration of the boiler, without injury to the steam-joints. F, 
Is the cistern, containing water for one stage, say 50 to 80 gal- 
lons, and is made of strong copper, and air-tight, to sustain a 
pressure of about 60 pounds to the square inch. By e is de- 
noted one or more air-pumps, which are worked by the beams 
of the engines, and are used to force air into the water-vessel, 
that its pressure may drive out, by a convenient pipe, the wa- 
ter into the boiler, at such times, and in such quantities, as may 
be wanted. F, F, are the two beams, connected at one end 
with the piston-rods, and at the other with the rocking stand- 
ards H, H. At about one-fourth of the length of the beams 
from the piston-rods, are the two connecting-rods g, g, their 
lower ends being attached to two cranks formed at angles of 
90 degrees from each other on the hind axle, giving, by the ac- 
tion of the steam, a continued rotatory motion to the wheels, with- 
out the necessity of a fly-wheel. The four coach-wheels are at- 
tached to the axles nearly as in common coaches, except that 
there is a ratchet-wheel formed upon the back part of the nave, 
with a box wedged into the axle, containing a dog or pall, with 
a spring on the back of it, for the purpose of causing the wheels 
to be impelled when the axle revolves, and at the same time al- 
lowing the outer wheel, when the carriage describes a curve, to 
travel faster than the inner one, and still be ready to receive 
the impulse of the engine, as soon as it comes to a straight 
course. The box and pall are shewn separate, at 11. 
Figs. 5. 8, 9 5 and 10. shew a different method of performing 
the same operation, with the further advantage of backing the 
coach when the engines are backed. In this plan, the naves are 
cast with a recess in the middle, in which is a double bevil 
clutch, the inside of the nave being formed to correspond. 
These clutches are simultaneously acted upon by the rods and 
small lever 5, with the helical springs m m, and which, accord-* 
. ing as they are forced to the right or left, will enable the car- 
