Chap. VI. 
Of the Ha- There Is another kind of work beftowed on certain 
bitation of fp ec ; e3 0 f (hells, particularly the nautilus 5 namely, the 
Shells, Sccn en g rav i n g on ft ]f nes anc i circles, and figures of ftars, 
and other things. This is too obvious a work of art 
to fuffer any one to fuppofe it natural. Buonani has 
figured feveral of thefe wrought fhells at the end of his 
work 3 but this was applying his labour to very lit- 
tle purpofe 3 the {hells are fpoiled as objects of natural 
hiftory by it— -They are principally done in the Eaft 
Indies. 
Iraperfec- Shells are fubjeft to feveral imperfections 3 fome of 
tions of which are natural and others accidental. The natural 
tural and ^efe£ts are efFedt of age, or ficknefs in the fifh. The 
accidental. g reate ff mifchief happens to (hells by the fifii dying in 
them. The curious in thefe things pretend to be al- 
ways able to diftinguilh a (hell taken up with the fhh 
alive from one found on the fhores : they call the firft 
a living , the fecond a dead (hell ; and fay that the co- 
lours are always much fainter in the dead {hells. When 
the (hells have lain long dead on the {hores, they 
are fubject to many injuries, of which the being eaten 
by fea-worms is not the lead ; age renders the fined 
{hells livid or dead in their colours. 
483 
Befides the imperfections arifing from age and Tick- Of tha Ha- 
nefs in the fi(h, (hells are fubjeCt to other deformities, 
fuch as morbid cavities, or protuberances, in parts f ^ ; 
where there (hould be none. When the (hell is va- 
luable, thefe faults may be hid, and much added to the 
beauty of the fpecimen, without at all injuring it as 
an object of natural hidory, which (hould always be the 
great end of collecting thefe things. The cavities may 
be filled up with madic, diffolved in fpirifc of wine, or 
with ifinglafs : thefe fubdancesmud be either coloured 
to the tinge of the drell, or elfe a pencil dipped in wa- 
ter-colours mud finilh them up to the refemblance of 
the red 3 and then the whole (hell being rubbed over 
with gum-water, or with the white of an egg, fcarce 
any eye can perceive the artifice : the fame fubdances 
may alfo be ufed to repair the battered edge of a (hell, 
provided the pieces chipped off be not too large. And 
when the excrefcences of a (hell are faulty, they are to 
be taken down with a fine file. If the lip of a (hell be 
fo battered that it will not admit of repairing by any 
cement, the whole muff be filed down or ground on the 
wheel till it become even. 
CONCHOLOGY. 
EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 
Plate CLII. Animals inhabiting Shells. 
Fig. 1. Chiton aculeatus. Under part (hewing the 
bridly fringe. 
Fig. 2. Animal inhabiting Lepas tintinnabulum . 
Fig. 3. Lepas balanus. 
Fig. 4. Lepas anatifera . 
Fig. 5. Animal inhabiting the genus Pholas . 
Fig. 6. Animal inhabiting the Mya. 
Fig. 7. Animal inhabiting the Solen. 
Fig. 8. Animal of the Tellina. 
Fig. 9. Animal of the Cardium . 
Fig. 10. Animal of the MaElra. 
Fig. 11. Animal inhabiting the Donax. 
Fig. 1 2. Animal inhabiting the Venus. 
Fig. 13. Animal of the OJlrea. 
Fig, 14. Chiton aculeatus. Shell with 8 valves ; a , 
a, the valves longitudinally arranged, and incumbent 
on the back ; b , b y the rounded (ides. 
Fig. 15. Lepas anatifera. Shell having 5 valves 3 
a, the larger valves nearly quadrangular 3 b, the leffer 
valves nearly triangular, at the apex of the (hell 3 c , 
the folitary valve, rounded, acute. 
Fig. 16. Pholas da&ylus. The (hell is bivalve, with 
a, a , a , three fubfidiary valves 3 b y b , the upper extre- 
mity dotted like net- work 3 c, c, the fuperior tranfverfe- 
ly ftriated. 
Plate CLIII. 
Fig. 17. My a margaritifera , the pearl-bearing 
muffel. 
Fig. 1 8 . Solen radiatus , radiated folen. 
Fig. 1 9. Tellina radiata , radiated tellina. 
Fig. 20. Cardium cardijfa , Venus heart cockle 3 a, 
a, beaks approaching to each other. 
Fig. 21. Maclrajlultorum , fimple maCtra. 
Fig. 22. Donax denticulata , denticulated donax. 
Fig. 23. Venus Jimbriata, bordered Venus (hell. 
Fig. 24. Spondylus gcedaropus, (lilt fpondylus. 
Fig. 25. Charna gigas, giant chama, or gaping 
cockle.-— This is the larged (hell known. 
Plate CLIV. 
Fig. 26. Area Noae, Noah’s ark. 
Fig. 27. OJlrea pallium , the ducal-mantle peCten. 
Fig. 28. Anomia ephippium. 
Fig. 29. Mytilus margaritiferus , pearl-bearing muf- 
fel, or pearl-oyfter of the Eaft Indies. 
Fig. 30. Pinna muricata , muricated fea-wing. 
Fig. 3r. Argonauta argo , paper nautilus 3 a , <7, the 
(hell 3 b, b, b, b, b , the animal protruded from the (hell, 
as it moves on the furface of the water. 
Plate CLV. 
Fig. 32. Nautilus beccarii, chambered nautilus. A 
feftion of the (hell 3 a , a , a, the genicula 3 b , b , b , the 
articulations 3 d, d y the lateral fyphon. 
Fig. 33. Cyprea lynx 3 a , a , the lips turned in and 
toothed 3 b y the linear aperture. 
Fig. 34. Cyprcea moneta, cowrie 3 a , a, knobbed 
margin 3 b y back gibbous 3 e, e, prominences inftead 
of a fpire. 
Fig. 35. Bulla ampullacea ; a, back without fpire 3 
b , vertex umbilicated. 
Fig. 36. Voluta mufica ; a, venter, marked with in- 
terrupted lines 3 b , bafe emarginated 3 c, c, wreaths 
crowned at the futures with obtufe fpines 3 d, d y colu- 
mella or pillar, plaited 3 e, e, outer lip, fmooth. 
Fig. 37. Buccinum harpa, mulical-harp (hell 3 a y 
dilated venter 3 b t b , b, longitudinal varices, crowned 
with c , c, c, (harp fpines. 
Fig. 38. Buccinum undatum. 
Fig. 39. Strombus fcorpio , fcorpion ftrombus 3 a , a, 
a, back with knobby cingula and waved ftriae 3 b, fpire 
conical 3 c, c, elevated futures 3 d, d, waved margin of 
the lip 3 e, e, caudal digitus 5 ff lateral digiti. 
3 P 2 Fig. 40. 
