CON 
Conchylla CONCHYLIA, a general name for all petrified 
Con l!if,on ^ ie ^ s > as ii ffi pets, cochleae, nautili, conchse, lepades, 
. " , _J &c. 
CONCIATOPt, in the glafs art, is, for the cryflal- 
glafs, what the founder is at the green-glafs houfes. 
He 'is the perfon that weighs and proportions the fait 
on allies and fand ; and works them with a flrong fire 
till they run into lumps and become white ; and if 
the metal be too hard, and confequently brittle, he 
adds fait or allies, and if too foft, fand ; Hill mixing 
them to a fit temper, which is only known by the 
working. 
CONCINNOUS intervals, in Mufic , are fuch as 
are fit for mufic, next to, and in combination with, 
concords j being neither very agreeable nor difagree- 
able in themfelves •, but having a good effeCt, as by 
their oppofition they heighten the more effential prin- 
ciples of pleafure : or as, by their mixture and combi- 
nation with them, they produce a variety necefiary 
to our being better pleafed. 
CONCINNOUS Syjtem , in Mufc. A fyftem is faid 
to be concinnous, or divided concinnoully, when its 
parts, confidered as Ample intervals, are concinnous ; 
and are befides placed in fuch an order between the 
extremes, as that the fuccelfion of founds, from one ex- 
treme to the other, may have an agreeable effeCL 
CONCLAMATIO, in antiquity, a (liout raifed 
by thole prefent at burning the dead, before they fet 
fire to the funeral pile. See Shout. The word was 
alfo applied to the fignal given to the Roman foldiers 
to decamp, whence the expreffion conc/amare vafa ; 
conclamare arma , was a fignal for battle. It was 
likeivife ufed for a practice of calling to a perfon de- 
ceafed three times by his name ■, and when no reply 
was returned, they thus expreffed his deceafe, concla- 
matum ejl. Whence the fame term was afterwards ap- 
plied to the ceffation of the Roman empire. 
CONCLAVE, the place in which the cardinals of 
the Romilh church meet, and are Ihut up, for the elec- 
tion of a pope. 
The conclave is a range of fmall cells, 10 feet fquare, 
made of wainfcot : thefe are numbered, and drawn 
for by lot. They Hand in a line along the galleries 
and hall of the Vatican, with a fmall fpace between 
each. Every cell has the arms of the cardinal over it. 
The conclave is not fixed to any one determinate place, 
for the conflitutions of the church allow the cardinals 
to make choice of fuch a place for the conclave as 
they think molt convenient 5 yet it is generally held in 
the Vatican. 
The conclave is very flrictfiy guarded by troops ; 
neither the cardinals, nor any perfon fhut up in the 
conclave, are fpoken to, but at the hours allowed of, 
and then in Italian or Latin : even the provifions for 
the conclave are examined, that no letters be convey- 
ed by that means from the minifters of foreign powers, 
or other perfons who may have an intereft in the elec- 
tion of the pontiff. 
Conclave is alfo ufed for the affembly, or meeting, 
of the cardinals (hut up for the election of a pope. 
CONCLUSION, in Logic , the confequences or 
judgment drawn from what was afferted in the pre- 
mifes 5 or the previous judgments in reafoning, gain- 
ed. from combining the extreme ideas between them- 
felves. 
486 ] CON 
CONCOCTION, in Medicine , the change which Concoction 
the food undergoes in the ftomach, &c. to become 
chyle. See Chyle. 
CONCOMITANT, fomething that accompanies or 1 
goes along with another, 
CONCORD, in Grammar , that part of confiruc- 
tion called fyntax , in which the words of a fentence 
agree •, that is, in which nouns are put in the fame 
gender, number, and cafe ; and verbs in the fame 
number and perfon with nouns and pronouns. See 
Grammar. 
Concord, in Mufic, the relation of two founds that 
are always agreeable to the ear, whether applied in 
fucceffion or confonance. 
Form of CONCORD, in ecclefiaflical hiflory, a flan- 
dard book among the Lutherans, compofed at Torgaw, 
in 1576, and thence called the book of Torgaw, and 
reviewed at Berg by fix Lutheran doctors of Germany, 
the principal of whom was James Andreae. This 
book contains, in tw'o parts, a fyitem of doClrine, the 
iubfcription of which w'as a condition of communion, 
and a formal and very fevere condemnation of all who 
differed from the compilers of it, particularly with re- 
fpedl to the majefty and omniprefence of Chrifl’s body, 
and the real mandueation of his flefh and blood in the 
eucharift. It was firft impofed on the Saxons by Au- 
guftus, and occafioned great oppofition and difturbance. 
The difpute about it was revived in Switzerland in 
1718, when the magiftrates of Berne publiflied an order 
for adopting it as the rule of faith \ the confequence 
of which was a conteft, that reduced its credit and au- 
thority. 
CONCORDANCE, a dictionary or index to the 
Bible, wherein all the leading words, ufed in the courfe 
of the infpired writings, are ranged alphabetically j 
and the various places where they occur referred to 5 
to affift in finding out paffages, and comparing the fe- 
veral fignifications of the fame word. 
Cardinal Hugo de St Charo, is faid to have employ- 
ed 500 monks at the fame time in compiling a Latin 
concordance •, befides which, we have feveral other 
concordances in the fame language 5 one, in particu- 
lar, called the concordance of England, compiled by J. 
Darlington, of the order of Predicants j another more 
accurate one, by the Jefuit de Zamora. 
R. Mordecai Nathan has furnifhed us with a He- 
brew concordance, firft printed at Venice in 1523, 
containing ail the Hebrew roots branched into their 
various fignifications, and under each fignification all 
the places in fcripture where it occurs : but the belt 
and moft ufeful Hebrew concordance is that of Bux- 
torf, printed at Bafil in 1632. 
Dr Taylor publifhed, in 1754, a Hebrew concord- 
ance in two volumes folio, adapted to the Englifh 
Bible, and difpofed after the manner of Buxtorf. 
The Greek concordances are only for the New 
Tefiament : indeed we have one of Conr. Kircher’s on 
the Old ; but this is rather a concordantial dictionary 
than a concordance •, containing all the Hebrew words 
in an alphabetical order ; and underneath all the inter- 
pretations or fenfes the LXX. give them ; and in each 
interpretation all the places where they occur in that 
verfion. 
In 1718, Trommius publifhed his Greek concord- 
ance for the Septuagint at Amfterdam, in two volumes 
folio 5 
