160 
Psyche 
[October 
Ayis mellifera, the Ceratinidse and Bombyliidse change 
from Mis to Mas. Early there is greater contrast between Ma 
and Mis than late between Mas and Mis. Consequently these 
mid-tongued insects are excluded from a considerable number 
of early Ma, while they can reach the nectar of most of the late 
Mas. A like change in Melectoidea and Andrenidse is owing to 
the fact that the late ones have longer tongues. 
Bees. 
Apis mellifera.' — Of 196 visits, 30.1 per cent are to Mis, 
27.0 to Mas, 43.3 to white, 65.3 to social flowers and 28.3 to 
Compositse. Of its pollen visits 36.7 per cent, while of its nectar 
visits 29.0, are under yellow. Red shows: local 24.4, Low 
Germany 47.3, Berlin Garden 55.0 and the Alps 60.7. Before 
July the hive-bee prefers Mis; after June, Mas, Mis and Pol. 
The maxima shift from AB 33.3 to B' 44.7, Mis 32.2 to Mas 43.8. 
An introduced domesticated insect, it is the most important 
single obstacle in the way of the anthecologist. It occupies an 
intermediate position between long-tongued and short-tongued 
bees, though it makes more visits to flowers preferred by the 
latter. On account of its abundance and long flight it makes 
more legitimate visits than any other insect, except Bombus 
americanorum. 
It shows inferiority to several indigenous, bees, Bombus, 
Melissodes, Megachile, Calliopsis andreniformis, in its inability 
to utilize some complicated flowers like Desmodium, but this is 
somewhat offset by its ingenuity in extracting pollen from 
Dicentra cucullaria. 
Bombince. — Of 717 visits to 273 flowers, 39.4 per cent are 
to Ma, 31.9 to Mas, 41.1 to red, 10.0 to Labiatse, 10.6 to Legum- 
inosae and 25.2 to Compositse. Visits to red are: Low Germany 
61.5, Berlin Garden 63.7 and Alps 64.7. Four prefer Ma, four 
Mas, seven red and one yellow. 
Loew ( 2 , 87) states that since male bumblebees have shorter 
tongues than the workers, the relations holding for the females 
and workers do not apply to them, and that therefore they 
prefer flowers of class B'. This is not dependent upon the dif- 
