1923] 
Flower Visits of Insects 
169 
Of the visits of bees 13.9 per cent are to Ma and these are 
81.6 per cent of the total visits to that class. Bees show the 
highest percentages of visits to flowers of all classes, except Pol, 
and to all colors, Ma 81.6, Mi 59.7, Mas 54.7, Mis 37.3, red 59.7, 
white 36.6, yellow 45.9. They are 22.9 per cent of the insects 
observed and make 43.3 per cent of the visits. 
According to the general visits the long-tongued bees show 
a preference for Mas 19.0, for Mis 0.6. In the case of 61 flowers 
on which the individuals were taken as they came, they showed a 
gain over visits for Ma 8.9 and Mas 15.4. The short-tongued 
bee visits show a preference for Mis 25.2, Pol 5.6 and Mi 0.2. 
The individuals show a gain over visits for Mis, 33.1. So the 
characteristic differences between long-tongued and short-tongued 
bees are better indicated by counting the individuals than by 
counting the visits. 
Literature Cited. 
1. Knuth, P. Handbook of flower pollination. 1:1-382. (1906). 
Transl. of Handbuch der Bliitenbiologie. 1898. 
2. Loew, E. Beobachtungen fiber den Blumenbesuch von 
Insekten an Freilandpflanzen des Botanischen Gartens zu 
Berlin. Jahrb. K. bot. Gart. Berlin. 3:69-118, 253-9. 
(1-94). 1884. 
3 Weitere Beobachtungen u. s. w. Jahrb. k. bot. 
Gart. Berlin. 4:93-178. 1886. 
4. Muller, H. The fertilisation of flowers. (1883). Transl. of 
Die Befruchtung der Blumen. 1873. 
5 Die Alpenblumen, ihre Befruchtung durch 
Insekten und ihre Anpassungen an dieselben. 1881. 
6. Robertson, C. Flowers and insects. I-XXII. Botanical 
Gazette 1889-1923. 
7 Synopsis of Panurgidse. Psyche 29:159-173 
1922. 
