1924 ] 
Flower Visits of Insects II 
107 
All of the late ones are oligoleges of Compositse and 44.4 per 
cent of the early ones are oligoleges of various flowers. Andrena 
and Pterandrena, a genus of Compositse oligoleges, are both 
separated into early and late groups. The Panurgidse have the 
most definite position of any of the dominant families of bees, 
May 28 — October 29, all of them together August 30 — ^September 
3, 87.5 per cent being oligoleges. Of the oligoleges 78.5 per 
cent affect Compositse. The Macropididse are represented by 
Macropis steironematis, June 12 — July 18. 
The Anthophoroidea fly from April 8 to October 22, with a 
maximum of 58.9 per cent August 8-26, 66.6 per cent flying in 
July. The Euceridse, April 8 — October 22, have a maximum of 
62.5 per cent August 8-28, 68.7 per cent flying in August. 
Tetralonia has a May maximum. All of the other Euceridae 
complete their flight between June 13 and October 22, 76.9 
per cent being simultaneous in August. Here the polyleges, 
oligoleges of Compositae and other oligoleges have a very definite 
and similar position. The Anthophoridae fly from April 8 to 
September 20. The Emphoridae fly from June 24 to October 7. 
Short-tongued Bees. — These fly from March 17 to November » 
and have a maximum of 58.6 May 18-31, 72.7 per cent flying 
in May. 
Long-tongued Bees. — These fly from March 15 to November, 
and have a maximum of 48.6 per cent, July 13, 66.1 per cent 
flying in August. 
Bees, Total. — These fly from March 15 to November and 
have a maximum of 47.2 per cent July 13. 
Oligoleges. — That the oligolectic bees are associated in their 
time of flight with the blooming seasons of the flowers on which 
they depend is as evident as that the inquiline bees are pheno- 
logically associated with their hosts, or that other insects are 
associated with the time of the insects on which they are para- 
sitic, or with the presence of the food on which their larvse 
feed. This is more evident than the converse proposition that 
the blooming times are correlated with the flight of the oligoleges, 
for usually the flowers have other visitors which can effectually 
