1939] 
Concerning Chloroperla 
167 
CONCERNING CHLOROPERLA (PERLIDiE) 
By Nathan Banks 
Museum of Comparative Zoology. 
Recently there has been discussion by Frison and Ricker, 
the latter quoting Claassen, as to whether this name should 
replace Alloperla. When I made the Classification of the 
Perlidae in 1906, I had no European collection, and there 
was then no literature on the European forms of prime 
value. So I accepted Hagen’s use of Isopteryx based on the 
lack of a folded anal area to the hind wing which is true for 
our form that he identified as cydippe Newm. I showed that 
the genus Chloroperla should replace Isopteryx. Since then 
I have not treated this group, but others have. Enderlein in 
1909 applied my classification to the European and exotic 
forms known to him. Seeing that some of the European 
species had a small anal area, he wisely used another and 
more definite character, the fact that the second anal vein 
of the fore wings is unbranched in all the species, except I. 
serricornis, for which he made a new genus, Isoptena. 
In 1912 Okamoto in his revision of the Japanese Ple- 
coptera also uses this unforked second anal as the character 
of Chloroperla. In 1936 Kimmins reviewed the facts con- 
cerning Chloroperla and Isopteryx and agreed with me that 
the latter is a synonym of the former. He lists three species 
of Chloroperla in the British fauna, torrentium, tripunctata, 
and apicalis. The first two have a small anal area to hind 
wings, the third lacks it. So Kimmins evidently is using the 
unforked second anal as the generic character. But Need- 
ham, Claassen, Frison, and Ricker seem unaware that the 
unforked second anal has ever been used as the generic 
character, although they list Enderlein’s paper in their 
bibliographies. Moreover, Needham and Claassen in their 
description of Chloroperla state that the second anal is 
branched, and put it under this heading in their synoptic 
table; however, their figure on Plate 14 shows the second 
