C 864 ] 
the union of thofe dates, combined againd the Ro- 
mans, as the fierce animal under him did the fenate 
and people of Rome j the whole type pointing out to 
us the hoped for fuperiority of the former over the 
latter, or rather being intended as a prognodication 
of fuch fuperiority. That the bull was the fymbol of 
feveral Italian cities, or dates (37), appears from the 
coins of Pofidonia, Thurium, Arpi, &c. and that 
the (38) word ’Ira A©~, Italus, or Italian, in the old 
Etrufcan tongue, the primitive language of all Italy, 
fignified a bull, whence probably that animal might 
become the fymbol of at lead a very confiderable part 
of this country, is a point fo exceeding clear, that it 
will not admit of a difpute. 
To what has been faid we may add, that the Italians 
looked upon the Roman republic, about the time of 
the Social war, as a receptacle of wolves, always ready, 
if not determined, to ravida their liberty from them. 
This we may colled; from the following words of 
Pontius Telefinus, in Velleius: (39) — adjiciens , nun - 
quam defuturos rapt ores Italicce liber tat is lupos , niji 
filva , in quam refugere Jolerent , ejjet excifa. This 
obfervation may pofiibly throw fome new light upon 
Lord Pembroke’s medal, as well as upon the type of 
my Etrufcan denarius, and the fimilar one of C. Pa- 
pius Mutilus’s coin, which feems to have a little em- 
barraded the learned (40) author I have all along here 
had principally in view. 
(37) Hubertus Goltzius, in Magn. Grac. Numifrn. pafl~. 
(38) Apollodor. Lib. ii. lfacius ad Lycophronem, & Tzetzes 
in Chili adibu j. 
(39) Veil. Patere. Lib. ii. c. 27. 
(40J Sag. di Dijfcrtaz . Accadmich . lAc. Tom. II. p. 66, 67. 
k Tom. IV. p. 141. 
As 
