T RANSM ISSION (%) 
1963 ] Eisner, Hurst and Meinwald — Defense Mechanisms 103 
stretching) and at ca. 5.8 /t (carbonyl stretching), suggesting the 
presence of one or more minor components in the secretion. 
The vapor phase chromatograph (same column as with Chlaenius, 
but run at I20°C) showed a main peak with retention time of 2.51 
min., corresponding to the single peak obtained with authentic />-cresol. 
The secretion showed an additional complex peak of short retention 
time corresponding undoubtedly to the lesser constituents already 
suggested by the infrared spectrum. 
The odor of />-cresol, which differs slightly but unmistakably from 
that of m- cresol, is identical to that of the Abacion secretion. 
III. Repellent Effectiveness of the Secretions. 
What follows are descriptions of laboratory encounters between 
individual Chlaenius or Abacion and a selected array of predators: 
WAVE LENGTH ( m ) 
Text fig. 3 . Infrared spectra (in carbon disulfide) of the secretion of 
Abacion and of authentic ^-cresol. 
ants \Pogonomyrmex badius ( Latreille) ] , a collared lizard [ Crota - 
phytus collaris (Say)], a blue jay [ Cyanocitta cristata (Linnaeus)], 
and a grasshopper mouse \Onychomys torridus (Coues)]. The ants 
